Panay Incident. 1937. Japanese sink US gunboat in China. US restraint exemplified isolationism.

Pancras, St. 290-304. Patron saint of children. Martyred at age 14.

Pandit, Vijaya. 1900-90. Fought for Indian independence. First woman president of UN General Assembly 1953-4. Nehru’s Sister.

Pandora. First woman of Greek legend. Opened box of human ills. Hope remains in box.

Pangkor Engagement. 1874. Treaty with Perak established British rule in Malaya.

Panipat, Battles. 1526 Moguls defeat Afghans, establish dynasty. 1556 Moguls defeat Hindus. 1761 Afghans defeat Marathas.

Pankhurst, Emmeline. 1858-1928. English suffragette. Founded Women’s Social and Political Union, 1903.

Pantheism. Religion or philosophy identifying God with all that exists. Hinduism.

Pantheon. 27BC. Rome. Temple to all the gods. 609 converted to Christian church.

Panthéon. 1758-89. Paris. Soufflot. Ordered by Louis XV after recovering from illness.

Paoli, Pasquale. 1725-1807. Corsican patriot. Led rebels vs Genoa, France 1735~94.

Papadopoulos, Georgios. 1919-99. Greek Prime Minister 1967-73, President 1973-5 during Reign of Greek Colonels. 1975 Life imprisonment.

Papal States. 756-1870. Italian territory under Pope. Recognized 1279 by HRE; lost during Italian Unification. Pepin Donation.

Paphlagonia. Lydia. Persia. 333BC Alexander. 2C BC Pontus. 65BC Rome.

Papin, Denis. 1647-1714. French doctor, first utilized steam pressure. Pressure cooker 1679. Piston 1680.

Papineau, Louis. 1786-1871. French-Canadian nationalist. Led 1837 revolt vs Britain in Lower Canada.

Pappus of Alexandria. Greek mathematician. Collection c340 of Greek works.

Papua New Guinea. New Guinea. SE: 1884 British. 1906 Australia = Papua. NE: 1884 German. 1914 Australian mandate. 1949 united. 1975 Independent.

Papyrus. 3500BC. Reeds used by Egyptians to make paper.

Paracelsus. 1493-1541. Swiss alchemist, physician. Chemical drugs. Named zinc. Practica 1529. Hypnotism. Great Surgery Book 1536.

Paraguay. Guarani. 1526 Cabot explores. 1535 Spanish. 1811 Independent. 1954 Dictatorship.

Paraguayan War. 1864-70. Paraguay decimated by Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay. Reduced population from 525K to 193K women and 28K men.

Paramountcy, Doctrine of. 19C. British East India Company claims right to intervene if any state is misgoverned.

Paré, Ambroise. 1510-90. Father of modern surgery. -“I apply the dressing. God heals the wound.” Invented articulating artificial limbs 1540.

Paris. Son of Priam. Carried Helen back to Troy, starting the Trojan Wars. Shot Achilles. Judged first beauty contest.

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