Eratosthenes. c276-194BC. Alexandrian mathematician, philosopher. Measured earth’s circumference, tilt of axis. World map 220BC.

Erebus. Area of Greek underworld. Personified as son of Chaos.

Erechtheum. 5C BC. Ionic temple on Athenian acropolis.

Erechtheus. King, raised by Athena. First temple on Athens Acropolis. Later deified.

Eretria. Greek city. Destroyed 490BC by Persia.

Erfurt Parliament. 1850. Austrian opposition causes withdrawal of Prussian plan for German Unification.

Erhard, Ludwig. 1897-1977. West German Economic Minister 1948-63. Chancellor 1963-6. Architect of economic recovery.

Ericsson, John. 1803-89. Swedish/US. Invented screw propeller, designed Monitor.

Erik IX. -1160. King 1150-, Patron Saint of Sweden. Killed trying to convert Finns.

Erik the Red. Norwegian explorer, discovered Greenland c985. Established First colony.

Erinyes. Greek goddesses of vengeance. =Furies.

Eritrea. 2-9C Aksumite (Ethiopian) Empire. 16C Ottoman. 17-19C Dispute. 1889 Italy. 1941 Britain. 1952 Autonomous within Ethiopian Empire. 1962 Ethiopian province. 1993 Independent.

Ernst, Max. 1891-1976. German Dada artist.

Eros. Greek god of love. = Cupid.

Errs. Greek goddess of discord. Threw the apple that led to the Trojan War.

Erse. Gaelic language of Scottish Highlands.

Erté, Roman. 1892-1990. Russian/French Art Deco artist.

Erzberger, Matthias. 1875-1921. German statesman. Led signing of 1918 Armistice.

Escalade. December 12 celebration of Savoy’s unsuccessful last attack on Geneva, 1602.

Escher, M.C. 1898-1971. Dutch graphic artist. Optical illusion, surrealistic effects.

Escurial. 1557. Spanish monastery near Madrid built by Philip II to commemorate St-Quentin victory.

Esma’il I. 1487-1524. Shah of Iran 1501-. Converted Iran Sunni to Shi’ah.

Essad, Pasha. 1863-1920. Albanian dictator, 1914-16.

Essex. 6C Saxon kingdom. 860 «Wessex.

Essex, Earl of. (Robert Devereux). 1567-1601. Favourite of Elizabeth I. Executed.

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