Cassius, Gaius. c42BC. Led assassination of Julius Caesar. Suicide.

Cassivellaunus. English king def by J Caesar, 54BC.

Caste System. Hereditary social division, esp. in Hindu India. Brahman. Kshatriyas. Vaisyas. Sudras. Untouchables.

Castel Gandolfo. 1596-. Pope’s summer residence.

Castiglione, Baldassare. 1478-1529. Italian writer. Ideal court gentleman. Il Cortigiano 1528.

Castillon, Battle. 1453. Final English defeat in the Hundred Years War.

Castlereagh, Robert. 1769-1822. Represented Britain at Congress of Vienna.

Castor and Pollux. Greek twin dieties. Patrons of sailors.

Castro, Fidel. 1926-. Cuban lawyer. Cuban Revolution. Dictator 1959-.

Cat and Mouse Act. Prisoners Temporary Discharge for Health Act. 1913. Released British suffragettes on hunger strikes.

Catacombs. (Paris) 1785. Former quarry turned into ossuary. Headquarters of WWII French Resistance.

Catalan. Romance language of Andorra, NE Spain, SW France.

Catalonia. Iberians. Colonized by Phoenicia, Greece, Carthage. c200BC Rome. 5C Goths. 712 Moors. c788 Charlemagne. 1137 +Aragon. 1932 Autonomous. 1939 Spain.

Cateau-Cambresis, Treaty. 1559. Ended Italian Wars. Italy, Savoy to Spain. Calais to France.

Catesby, Robert. 1573-1605. Planned Gunpowder Plot.

Cathars. 11-14C. Christian Gnostic heretic sect. Albigens. 1030 burned in Italy.

Cathay. Medieval name for N China. Polo.

Catherine, St. 4C. Virgin martyred on the wheel in Alexandria.

Catherine de Medici. 1519-89. Wife of Henry II, mother of 3 French kings, built Tuileries Palace. St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre.

Catherine II, the Great. 1729-96. Autocratic Empress of Russia, 1762-. Overthrew husband, Peter III. Annexed Crimea, Polish territory.

Catherine of Aragon. 1485-1536. First wife of Henry VIII. Marriage annulled.

Catherine of Valois. 1401-37. Wife of Henry V. Mother of Henry VI and VII of England.Tudor.

Catholic Emancipation Act. 1829. Catholics readmitted to English Parliament. Test Act. O’Connell.

Catholic League. 1576-93. Opposed Henry IV and Huguenots. Holy Leagues.

Catiline. 109-62BC. Roman patrician who conspired against Cicero and the Senate.

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