Hillary, Sir Edmund. 1919-2008. New Zealand, first to climb Mt. Everest, 1953, with Tenzig Norgay.

Himmler, Heinrich. 1900-45. German Gestapo and SS head. Concentration camps. Suicide after Allied capture.

Hindenburg, Paul von. 1847-1934. Commander in Chief of the German armies 1916-18. President of Weimar Republic 1925-. Appointed Hitler chancellor 1933.

Hindustani. Hindi and Urdu languages.

Hispania. Roman for Spain and Portugal.

Hodler, Ferdinand. 1853-1918. Swiss Symbolist artist. The Night 1890.

Hofer, Andreas. 1767-1810. Austrian. Led peasant rebellions vs French and Bavarians 1809-10.

Hoffmann, August. 1798-1874. German poet. Deutschland über alles 1841.

Hogue, La. Battle. 1692. England defeats French navy to prevent invasion.

Holbach, Paul, Baron d’. 1723-89. French Materialist philosopher and Encyclopaedist.

Holland. Netherlands.

Holland, John. 1352-1400. Introduced rack to England. (Banned 1628.)

Holocaust. 1939-45. Nazi killing of of Jews, minorities, opponents and POWs in concentration camps. Final Solution. 5.8 million Jews and 5-11 million non-Jews.

Holy Alliance. 1815. Russia, Prussia, Austria ally to preserve Christian principles, peace and monarchies. All European rulers but 3 joined.

Holy Roman Empire. 962-1806. Germanic Empire with elected king. Successor to Western Roman Empire. Geographically: Germany, Switzerland, Netherlands, Austria; most of Italy, Bohemia; part of France. Hapsburg. Austrian Empire.

Home Rule Bill. 1914 Separate Irish Parliament. 1920 Government of Ireland Act. Irish Free State.

Homer. 8C BC. Greek poet: reputed to have written the Iliad 748 and Odyssey 727BC.

Homestead Acts. 1862 US grants 160 acres free to 5yr settlers. 1885 NZ, 1893 W. Australia grant free land to immigrants. Canada 160 acres for $10..

Homestead Strike. 1892. Carnegie Steel hires breakers. Gun battle ensues.

Homo Sapiens. 350,000BC. Neanderthal.

Hooft, Pieter. 1581-1647. Dutch Renaissance poet and playwright.

Hope, Thomas. 1769-1831. English Regency furniture designer and author.

Horus. Egyptian deity of sunlight and goodness. Falcon.

Hospitallers, Knights. 11C-. Order of St. John. First devoted to aid of pilgrims to Holy Land. Prominent in crusades. Bought Rhodes 1309. Expelled by Ottomans, 1522. Given Malta by Charles V, 1530. Expelled by Napoleon, 1798. = Knights of Malta.

Houston, Sam. 1793-1863. Texas Commander in revolt vs Mexico 1835-6. President, Texas Republic 1836~44.

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