Sainte-Beuve, Charles. 1804-69. French critic: Causeries de lundi 1851-62.

Saladin. 1138-93. Egyptian sultan 1169-. Took Jerusalem, 1187, inciting Third Crusade. Began Ayyubid Dynasty.

Salan, Raoul. 1899-1984. French general. Created OAS 1961. Imprisoned 1962-8.

San Ildefonso, Treaty. 1796. France, Spain allied vs England. 1801 Secret exchange: Louisiana to France, Etruria to Spain.

Sanctuary, Right of. Established 4C Rome. England until 1623 (criminal), 18C (civil). Europe until 1789. Asylum in church for 1 month.

Sand Creek Massacre. 1864. Settlers ignore truce flag, kill Cheyenne Indians. = Chivington Massacre.

Sanskrit. Ancient, now sacred Hindu language.

Sarawak. 15C Brunei. 1841 Independent (Brooke). 1941 Japanese occupy. 1946 British Crown Colony. 1963 Malaysia.

Sardou, Victorien. 1831-1908. French dramatist. La Tosca. A Scrap of Paper 1860.

Saturn. Roman god of agriculture and civilization. = Cronus. Saturnalia festival influenced Christmas.

Saxony. 843 «East Frankish Kingdom. 919-1024 Ruled HRE. 1180 Divided. 1697 Elector (King) of Poland. 1785 Fürstenbund. 1806 Napoleon creates Kingdom. 1815 Half to Prussia. 1815 German Confederation. 1835 Zollverein. 1867 North German Confederation. 1871 German Empire. 1918 Abolished monarchy. 1920 Republic. 1933 Germany.

Scaliger, Julius Caesar. 1484-1558. Italian/French classical scholar. “Father” of literary criticism. Poetics 1561.

Schlegel, Friedrich von. 1772-1829. German Romantic critic.

Schubert, Franz. 1797-1828. Austrian Romantic symphonic composer of lyrical beauty. Created German lieder. “The most poetic of musicians”-Liszt. A Minor Symphony 1822. Unfinished Symphony1822.

Scriabin, Aleksandr. 1872-1915. Russian composer uniting music with philosophy: Prometheus 1911. Musical symbolism.

Scribe. c5C-200BC. Jewish scholar, teacher. 200BC- jurist/doctor of law.

Scriblerus Club. 18C English literary club. Satirized contemporary writing. Swift. Pope.

Scripps, Edward. 1854-1926. US publisher. Founded United Press news service 1907.

Scrofula.(King’s evil). Tuberculosis. Once thought cured by king’s touch.

Sebastapol, Siege. 1854. 11 mos. Allied Crimean War victory. First trench warfare. Florence Nightingale.

Sebek. Egyptian crocodile god, patron of kings.

Secret Speech. 1956. Khrushchev call for destalinization in USSR leads to Hungarian, Polish uprisings.

Seeckt, Hans von. 1866-1936. German general. Secretly rebuilt army after WWI.

Seljuks. 1075-1242. Turkish dynasty ruled Caliphate Empire. Attacks vs Byzantines led to Crusades. Nucleus for Ottoman Empire.

Selkirk, Alexander. 1676-1721. Sailor marooned 1704-9. Prototype for Robinson Crusoe.

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