Sangallo, Antonio da, the Younger. 1483-1546. Florentine architect. Rome’s Palazzo Farnese 1534-46.

Sansculottes. 1793-4. Radical French Revolutionaries. Demanded action of Convention vs counterrevolution. Terror.

Saracens. Moslems in the Middle Ages. Caliphate Empire.

Sarah. Old Testament figure. Abraham’s wife. Isaac’s mother.

Saroyan, William. 1908-81. US writer. The Time of Your Life 1939.

Satan. Fallen angel later identified with Zoroastran Ahriman, the spirit of evil. Lucifer. Beelzebub.

Saud. 1902-69. Son of Ibn Sa’ud. Saudi King 1953-64. Deposed by brother, Faisal.

Savonarola, Girolamo. 1452-98. Led Florence 1494- after Medici overthrow. Reformer against vice and corruption in the church and society. Burned books, paintings, luxuries. Hung+burned.

Scalawags. White southern Republicans who supported Reconstruction.

Scaliger, Julius Caesar. 1484-1558. Italian/French classical scholar. “Father” of literary criticism. Poetics 1561.

Sceptics. We can know nothing more than the fleeting images of consciousness. Most is unknowable. Pyrrho.

Scheherazade. Entertained the Sultan of the Indies for 1001 nghts with stories, delaying her execution.

Schleicher, Kurt von. 1882-1934. Last chancellor of Weimar Republic 1932-3. Opposed Hitler. Murdered by SS on Night of Long Knives.

Schleiermacher, Friedrich. 1768-1834. German Protestant theologian.

Schmalkaldic League. 1531-47. Failed alliance of Protestant Princes vs HRE to defend Lutheranism. War 1546-7.

Schubert, Franz. 1797-1828. Austrian Romantic symphonic composer of lyrical beauty. Created German lieder. “The most poetic of musicians”-Liszt. A Minor Symphony 1822. Unfinished Symphony1822.

Schwann, Theodor. 1810-82. German scientist. Isolated first enzyme from animal tissue 1836.

Scott, Robert. 1868-1912. English Antarctic explorer. Died returning from the South Pole.

Scott, Walter. 1771-1832. Prolific Scottish Romantic historical novelist. Lady of the Lake 1810; Waverley 1814; Ivanhoe 1819.

Scriabin, Aleksandr. 1872-1915. Russian composer uniting music with philosophy: Prometheus 1911. Musical symbolism.

Se Ami. Japanese No dramatist. Offering of the Flowers 1395.

SEATO. Southeast Asia Treaty Organization. 1954-77 for defence vs communist infiltration.

Seebeck, Thomas. 1770-1831. Russian. Invented thermocouple, 1822.

Segregation. Separation of the races to maintain the advantages of one.

Seguin, Marc. 1786-1875. French inventor of the suspension bridge.

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