Beckett, Samuel. 1906-89. English/Irish novelist, dramatist expressing man’s suffering: Waiting for Godot 1952. Endgame.

Becquerel, Henri. 1852-1908. French discoverer of Uranium radioactivity, 1896. Curie.

Bede, St. (The Venerable). 673-735. English historian: De Temporum Ratione 725.Ecclesiastical History 731.

Bedlam. (Bethlehem Royal Hospital). 1247-1815. Bishopsgate asylum.

Bedouin. Nomadic N African tribes.

Beebe, Charles. 1877-1962. US biologist/undersea explorer. Record descent 923m 1934.

Beelzebub. New Testament prince of Demons. Satan.

Beer Hall Putsch. 1923. Hitler’s unsuccessful Munich uprising. Wrote Mein Kampf while imprisoned 8 months.

Beerbohm, Max. 1872-1956. English caricaturist, satirist, dandy. Caricatures 1896.

Beethoven, Ludwig van. 1770-1827. German composer expressing emotions in music. Tone poet. Developed form and structure. “The Shakespeare of music”. 9 Symphonies. Eroica 1804. 5th 1807. 9th 1824.

Beghards. 13C. Catholic men’s charitable communities. Condemned 1311.

Begin, Menachem. 1913-91. Polish/Israeli. Prime Minister, 1977-83. Camp David Accords. Sadat.

Béguines. 12C- Belgian Catholic women’s charitables communities. Condemned 1311. Still exist.

Behaviourism. 1913. Actions are response to physical stimuli. Skinner. Watson. Pavlov.

Behistun Inscription. 520BC. Trilingual carving used by Grotefend to decipher cuneiform.

Behrens, Peter. 1868-1940. German modern architect. AEG Factory 1909.

Behring, Emil. 1854-1917. German bacteriologist: founded Immunology. Diphtheria (1892), Tetanus (1904) serums.

Beirut. 20C BC Phoenicia. 15BC Rome. 635 Moslem. 1110 Crusaders. 1187 Saladin. 1516 Ottoman. 1291 Mameluk. 1920 Capital of Lebanon. 1975-90 Lebanese Civil War.

Bekhtrev, Vladmir. 1857-1927. Extended Pavlov’s Conditioned Response theory. Objective Psychology, 1910.

Bel. Babylonian god. Lord of the Air. = Enlil.

Belarus. (White Russia). 1386 Lithuania. 1569 Poland. 1780s Russia. 1917 USSR. 1991 Belarus. CIS.

Belgae. 150BC Celts in north Gaul. 75BC to south of England.

Belgian Congo. Zaire.

Belgium. 150BC Celts. 51BC Rome. 3C Franks. 9C Lower Lorraine. 15C Burgundy. 1477 Hapsburg. 1555 Spain. 1714 Austria. 1795 French. 1814 Austria. 1815 +Holland=United Netherlands. 1831 Independent kingdom. Neutrality guaranteed by Quintuple Treaty 1839. WWII Germans occupy. 1948 Benelux.

Belgrade, Treaty. 1739. Ottoman Empire ends wars with Austria and Russia. Limits Russian ships on Black Sea.

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