Gershwin, George. 1898-1937. US popular composer. Rhapsody in Blue 1924. Porgy and Bess 1935.

Gestalt. 1912. Psychological school of perception as an integrated whole.

Gestapo. 1933-45. Hitler’s internal secret police under Goering.

Gettysburg. 1863. Lincoln’s address given to dedicate Civil War cemetery. “Four score and seven years ago...Government of the people, by the people, for the people”.

Gettysburg, Battle. 1863. Union victory. Turning point in Civil War.

Ghana. 1957 Gold Coast + British Togoland =Ghana. 1960 Republic. 1981 Dictator.

Ghana, Ancient. Trading empire c300-1200. ≈southeast Mauritania + west Mali.

Ghazali, al-. 1058-1111. Islamic Sufi philosopher, mystic.

Ghazan, Mahmud. 1271-1304. Mongol Persian ruler 1295-. Made Islam state religion.

Ghazigi. “Warriors of the faith”. Ottoman military before Janissaries.

Ghaznavid. 977-1186. Turkish dynasty in Iran, Afghanistan, India.

Ghent, Treaty. 1814. Britain, US end Anglo-American War on pre-war conditions.

Ghetto. Jewish area of cities, esp: 1556-1885 Rome; 1239 Valencia; 1462 Frankfurt; 1516 Venice; 1066-1291 Old Jewry, London; 1939 Warsaw.

Ghibellines. Guelfs.

Ghiberti, Lorenzo. c1378-1455. Florentine naturalistic sculptor and architect. John the Baptist 1414. Florence Baptistery doors 1425-50.

Ghirlandaio, Dominico del. 1449-1494. Florentine painter. Frescoes. Birth of the Virgin 1485-90.

Giacometti, Alberto. 1901-66. Swiss sculptor. Stretched figures.

Gibbon, Edward. 1737-94. English historian. Decline and Fall of Roman Empire 1776-88.

Gibbon, Grinling. 1648-1720. English woodcarver on Wren’s buildings. St. Paul’s. Blenheim.

Gibbon, John. First heart-lung machine 1953.

Gibbons, Orlando. 1583-1625. English polyphonic composer.

Gibraltar. 711 Moors. 1462 Spanis. 1704 British. Treaty of Utrecht.

Gibran, Khalil. 1883-1931. Lebanese/US philosopher, writer. The Prophet 1923.

Gide, André. 1869-1951. French writer. The Counterfeiters 1926.

Gideon. Biblical Israeli general vs Midianites.

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