Austrian Succession, War. 1740-48. Jenkins Ear and King George’s Wars. Maria Theresa recognized. Francis I becomes Holy Roman Emperor. Prussian power shown. Aix-la-Chapelle Treaty. Silesian War.

Ayala Plan. 1911. Zapata to renew Mexican Revolution, return land to communal ownership.

Babbage, Charles. 1792-1871. British. Invented Difference Engine, 1823-34 -first computer. Founded British Association for the Advancement of Science 1831, Royal Astronomical Society 1820, Royal Statistical Society 1834.

Bach, Johann Sebastian. 1685-1750. German composer of fugues and chorales. Peak of polyphonic music. Brandenburg Concerto 1721. Well Tempered Clavier. Art of Fugue 1749.

Balakirev, Mili. 1837-1910. Russian composer. Influenced 19C Russian music. Overture on Russian Themes 1897.

Balzac, Honoré de. 1799-1850. French novelist of social injustice: Comedie Humaine 1829-48.

Barbusse, Henri. 1873-1935. French writer: Le Feu (The experiences of a common soldier) 1916.

Barrackpore Mutiny. 1824. Indian troops vs British commanders. Troops massacred.

Bartlett, John. 1820-1905. US compiler of Familiar Quotations 1855.

Bartók, Bela. 1881-1945. Modern Hungarian Nationalist composer. Bridged Hungarian folk to Western music.

Bassein, Treaty. 1802. Indian alliance with British East India Company leads to second Maratha War.

Beaverbrook, Lord. (Maxwell Aitken). 1879-1964. Canadian/British newspaper magnate, politician. Advocated free trade within Commonwealth.

Beethoven, Ludwig van. 1770-1827. German composer expressing emotions in music. Tone poet. Developed form and structure. “The Shakespeare of music”. 9 Symphonies. Eroica 1804. 5th 1807. 9th 1824.

Beghards. 13C. Catholic men’s charitable communities. Condemned 1311.

Béguines. 12C- Belgian Catholic women’s charitables communities. Condemned 1311. Still exist.

Bell Book and Candle. Roman Catholic excommunication.

Bellini, Vincenzo. 1801-35. Italian Romantic opera composer. Norma 1831.

Belsen. 1933-45. Nazi concentration camp. Commandant Kramer executed.

Benz, Karl. 1844-1929. German engineer. 1885 internal combustion engine driven car.

Berg, Alban. 1885-1935. Austrian opera composer. Adopted 12-note method. Atonal-tonal fusion. Wozzeck 1925.

Beria, Laurenty. 1899-1953. Soviet commisar in charge of Stalin’s security police 1938-.

Berlin, Irving. 1888-1989. Russian/US popular composer. White Christmas, Annie Get Your Gun 1946.

Berlioz, Hector. 1803-1869. French Romantic composer. Grandiose themes directly from feelings.Symph. Fantastique 1830. Romeo and Juliette 1839. Treatise on Orchestration 1844. Damnation of Faust 1846.

Bernstein, Leonard. 1918-90. US conductor/ composer. West Side Story 1957.

Bishop, Henry. 1786-1855. English song composer: Home Sweet Home 1821.

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