Chardonnet, Comte de. 1839-1924. First Rayon factory.

Charpentier, Marc. 1634-1704. French composer. Oratorios.

Cherubini, Luigi. 1760-1842. Italian/French composer. Classical form; French opera.

Chicherin, Georgi. 1872-1936. Russian diplomat. Won recognition for Communist government.

Chinese Civil War. 184 Yellow Turban Rebellion. 1622- Red Hat Rebellion. 1946-9 Communists rebel vs Kuomintang. People’s Republic established.

Chopin, Fréderic. 1810-49. Polish/French composer of emotional expressiveness and pianist of great technical ability. Sand.

Chou En-lai. 1898-1976. Chinese moderate Communist Prime Minister 1949-.

Christian Science. 1879. Founded by Eddy. Death, illness are illusions to be overcome by faith.

Chu Teh. 1886-1976. Commander-in-Chief of Chinese Red Army. Long March.

Cimarosa, Dominico. 1749-1801. Italian comic opera composer.

CIS. 1991. Commonwealth of Independent States led by Russia. Ukraine, Belarus. Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova.

Citroën, André. 1878-1935. French Industrialist, automobile company.

Clay, Henry. 1777-1852. “Great Pacificator”. US statesman. Missouri Compromise.

Clinton, Henry. 1738-95. Commander 1778-81. Blamed for British defeat in American Revolution.

Coke, Edward. 1552-1634. English jurist. Defended Common Law. Prosecuted Raleigh.

Cold War. 1946-90. Alternating crisis and detente between west and east, begun with Russia breaking Potsdam Agreement and creating communist regimes in East Germany and Czechoslovakia.

Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel. 1875-1912. English composer: Hiawatha Trilogy 1898-1900.

Colombo Plan. 1951-77. Commonwealth plan to improve living conditions in SE Asia, check spread of communism.

Combination Acts. 1799, 1800. Britain outlaws trade unions. Repealed 1824.

COMECON. Council for Mutual Economic Assistance. 1949-91. USSR and satellites central planning organization.

Comédie-Francaise. Oldest National theatre. Founded by Louis XIV in 1680. Molière.

Comenius, John. 1592-1670. Czech founder of direct method of language education. First use of pictures.

Comic Opera. 18C revolt vs serious opera. Light style, familiar scenes. Italy: opera buffa; Fr: opéra comique; Eng: ballad opera; Ger: singspiel. Orig as intermezzo for opera.

COMINFORM. Communist Information Bureau. 1947-56. Coordinated European party activities.

COMINTERN. Third International 1919-43.

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