Theiler, Max. 1899-1972. South African/US scientist. Yellow fever vaccine.

Themistocles. c523-460BC. Athenian archon, naval leader 493-480BC. Defeated Persians at Salamis, 480. Rebuilt Acropolis. Started Piraeus harbour.

Theocracy. Government by God through clergy.

Theodore Studites, St. 759-826. Led iconoclasm opposition.

Theodoric I. -534. Frankish king of Austrasia. Son of Clovis I.

Theorell, Axel. 1903-82. Swedish biochemist. Enzyme oxidation.

Thirty-nine Articles. 1571 Doctrine of Church of England.

Thomson, Joseph. 1856-1940. English discoverer that cathode rays are electrons 1897.

Thorvaldsen, Bortel. c1770-1844. Danish Neoclassical sculptor.

Three Mile Island. 1979. US nuclear power station accident.

Tibet. 7C-838 Buddhist kingdom. 9C Divided. 1247 Mongol. 14C Yellow Hats established. 1642 5th Dalai Lama becomes ruler. 1715 Chinese suzerainty. 1792 Closed to foreigners. 1951 Autonomous within China. 1959 China crushes revolt. 1987~9 Riots vs Chinese rule.

Tilly, Graf von. 1559-1632. Flemish commander of Catholic League in Thirty Years War.

Tombaugh, Clyde. 1906-97. US. First to see Pluto, 1930.

Toynbee, Arnold. 1852-83. English economist, social reformer on behalf of the working class. The Industrial Revolution 1884.

Toynbee, Arnold J. 1889-75. English historian on the cyclicality of civilizations. Study of History 1934-61.

Troubles, Time of. 1604-13. Russian rival claims to throne by 3 “False Dmitris”. Polish Invasion. Romanov elected.

Troyes, Treaty. 1420. Recognized English claim to French throne. Resisted by Dauphin.

Tucumán, Congress. 1816. Argentina attempts to declare independence.

Tutu, Desmond. 1931-. South African Anglican Archbishop. Hope and Suffering 1982. .

Twain, Mark. (Samuel Clemens) 1835-1910. US humorist: Innocents Abroad 1869. Tom Sawyer 1876. Huckleberry Finn 1885.

Two-Power Standard. 1889. Hamilton declares that British fleet should be at least equal to naval strength of any 2 other countries. Abandoned 1912 by Churchill.

Two Thousand Words. 1968. Czech proclamation supporting Dubcek reforms prompts Russian Invasion.

Uesugi. 15C-1868. Japanese warrior clan ruling Honshu. Samurai.

Uncle Sam. Personification of US government first appeared in Troy Post based on “Uncle” Sam Wilson who supplied army beef stamped US 1813.

Undset, Sigrid. 1882-1949. Norwegian novelist: Jenny 1911. Kristin Lavransdatter 1920-2.

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