Pius XII. Pope 1939-58. Proclaimed neutrality in WWII.

Planck, Max. 1858-1947. German physicist. Defined energy quantum 1900.

Plantagenet, Richard. Duke of York. 1411-60. Protector during king’s insanity, 1454. Claims to succession led to War of Roses.

Pluto. Greek underworld king = Hades = Orcus = Pater Dis. Planet discovered by Tombaugh, 1930. Disney dog named after planet, 1931.

Pole, Edmund de la. 1472-1513. Yorkist claimant to British throne. Beheaded.

Pole, John de la. c1464-91/2. Yorkist claimant to British throne. Killed in battle.

Polycleitus. 5C BC. Classical Greek sculptor. Proportion and rhythm. Spear Bearer.

Polygnotus. c500-440BC. Classical Greek painter.

Polyphemus. Cyclops blinded by Ulysses.

Pomerania. Baltic area including Danzig. Independent duchy 11-17C.

Poor Law Commission. 1842. Chadwick recommends municipal clean water supply and sewage systems to prevent disease.

Potsdam Agreement. 1945. Truman, Stalin, Attlee agree to draw up peace treaties, reduce German industrialization, restore democracy in Europe after WWII. Outlawed Nazism. Divided Germany.

Poussin, Nicolas. 1594-1665. French Neoclassical painter. Strong pictorial emotional works. Arcadian Shepherds 1638/55. Rape of the Sabines 1636-7.

Powers, Hiram. 1805-73. US Neoclassical sculptor. Greek Slave 1843.

Pragmatic Sanction. 1713. Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI declares Maria Theresa as heir causing War of Austrian Succession.

Praxiteles. 4C BC. Greek classical sculptor: Aphrodite c350. Hermes. Showed humanity of gods.

Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. 1848-53. British painters vs Royal Academy. Advocated return to simple classical naturalism. Painted with bright colors on white vs dark tones of the time. Rossetti. Millais. Hunt.

Presbyterianism. 16C-. System of church organization sharing power between clergy and congregation. Calvin. Knox. Episcopacy. Congregationalism.

Proclamation of 1763. Limited settlement west of Appalachians to appease Indians.

Proclus. 410-485. Greek Neoplatonist philosopher: opposed Christianity.

Prometheus. Titan who made man of clay and gave him life, stole fire from the gods for him. Chained to a rock to have an eagle eat his liver daily. Freed by Hercules.

Protogenes. c300BC. Classical Greek painter.

Psychophysical Parallelism. Mind and body run on synchronized clocks started by God, but do not interact. Guelinex.

Ptolemy XIV. c59-44BC. Last Macedonian king of Egypt 47-. Brother, co-ruler with Cleopatra.

Ptolemy XV. Caesarion. 47-30BC. Egyptian king 44-. Son of Caesar and Cleopatra. Killed by Octavian.

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