Eclecticism. 2C BC. Philosophical doctrine combining elements of various, sometimes contradictory, philosophies. Cicero.

Economics, Classical. 19C. Followers of Adam Smith.

Edward III. 1312-77. King of England 1327-. Claimed crown of France, causing Hundred Years War.

Ehrlich, Paul. 1854-1915. German bacteriologist. Salvarsan syphilis treatment, 1909. Idea of specific drugs as “magic bullets”.

Einstein, Albert. 1879-1955. German/Swiss/US physicist. Special Theory of Relativity 1905. Quantum theory 1905. General Theory of Relativity 1916. Pacifist, Zionist.

Einthoven, Willem. 1860-1927. Dutch. Invented electrocardiograph, 1903.

Electra. Legendary Greek spirit who killed her mother, Clytemnestra to venge the murder of her father, Agamemnon.

Eliot, T.S. 1888-1965. US/English modernist poet, playwright. Prufrock 1910. Ash Wednesday 1930. Murder in the Cathedral 1935.

Éloi, St. c588-660. Treasurer to Clotaire II and Dagobert. Goldsmith.

Elzevir. 16-18C. Family of Dutch printers of classics.

Emancipation Proclamation. 1863. Lincoln frees all slaves in Confederacy.

Empedocles. c500-430BC. Greek philosopher. Heart is seat of life. Matter is fire, air, earth, water.

Empire. Style of Art. 1804-14. Classical heroic grandiose trend from Napoleon’s court. Arc de Triomphe, 1806.

Enclosure. Land divided, fenced for better yield, causing hardships for smaller farmers, peasants. English 15-16, 18-19C, Europe 18-20C.

Encyclical, Papal. Letter from Pope to RC Church.

Encyclopédists. 1751-72. Group who wrote encyclopaedia under Diderot. Voltaire, Helvetius, D’Alembert. As sceptics, they popularized social ideas which led to the French Revolution.

Erasmus, Desiderius. c1466-1536. Dutch Humanist ecclesiastic reform writer. Published first New Testament based on Greek, 1516. Reason over ignorance and superstition. Opposed Luther. Praise of Folly. Enchiridion: Christ requires of us nothing but a pure and sincere life.

Etaples, Treaty. 1492. England renounces claim to France, except Calais.

Eucken, Rudolf. 1846-1926. German philosopher: personal ethics are more important than intellectual idealism.

Euclid. c300BC. Greek mathematician. Discovered plane geometry. Elements.

Faisal I. 1885-1933. Self proclaimed king of Syria 1920. Deposed. King of Iraq 1921-.

Falkland Is. 1592 Davis discovers. 1764 British settle. 1774-1811 Spanish. 1829 Argentina claims (Malvinas). 1833 British.

Falla, Manuel de. 1876-1946. Spanish composer influenced by folk music, Debussy. Nights in the Garden of Spain 1916.

Family Pact. 1863. Maximilian renounces claims to Austrian throne to be Emperor of Mexico.

Fashoda Incident. 1898. British/French dispute over Sudan. French renounce claims. Entente Cordiale 1904.

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