Villiers, G. 1592-1628. First Duke of Buckingham. Incompetent favourite of Charles I who dissolved parliament to prevent his impeachment, 1626 causing Civil War.

Wakefield, Battle. 1460. War of Roses. 1643 English Civil War.

Westminster, Statute of. 1275,85,90. First reference to Great Council of England as Parliament. Reformed civil and criminal law. Legal protection for poor. 1931. British affirmation of autonomous dominion of British Empire countries. Established British Commonwealth.

Worcester, Battle. 1651. Cromwell defeats Royalists. Last revolt after English Civil War.

Yancey, William. 1814-63. US pro-slavery secession leader. American Civil War.

Yugoslavia. Balkans. 1918 Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, Slovenes. 1929 =Yugoslavia. 1929-31 Dictatorship. 1941-45 Italy, Germany occupy. 1945 Socialist Federation of Republics. 1948 Broke Soviet ties. 1991 -Croatia, Slovenia, Civil war. Serbia. Croatia. Bosnia-Hercegovina. Slovenia. Macedonia. Montenegro. Tito. Kosovo.

Zapotec. 6-16C. Advanced Mexican civilization in Oaxaca.

African National Congress. ANC. 1912-. Organization for black rights in South Africa outlawed to 1990. 1994- Ruling party. Mandela.

Akkerman, Convention. 1826. Russia-Turkey. Serbia autonomous. Russian shipping rights in Turkey.

Algeciras, Conference. 1906. French retain rights over Morocco.

Alvarez Quintero, Joaquin. 1873-1944, + Serafin 1871-1938. Spanish playwrights.

Amboise Peace. 1563. Gave limited rights of worship to French Huguenots.

Amnesty International. 1961. Human rights watchdog NGO fighting for political prisoners and victims of torture. MacBride.

Bering Sea Dispute. 1886-91. US/Canada re sealing rights.

Bloomer, Amelia. 1818-94. US temperance, women’s rights activist. Wore bloomers.

Buisson, Ferdinand. 1841-1932. French educator. Founded League of Human Rights 1898.

Charter to the Nobility. 1785. Rights and prerogatives of Russian nobility.

Constitution, US. 1787. Effective 1789. Defines government, liberties, basic laws. Amendments I-X 1791 Bill of Rights. XIII 1865 Abolishes slavery. XVIII 1919 Prohibition. XIX 1920 Women suffrage. XXI 1933 Repeals Prohibition. XXVI 1971 Voting age 18.

Crofters Act. 1886. Gave rights, security to crofters.

Dawes Act. 1887. US law granting citizenship and land rights to individual Indians.

Declaration of Rights. 1689. Rights, Bill of.

Declaration of the Rights of Man. 1789. Rights of Man, Declaration.

Delany, Martin. 1812-85. US black physician. Founded Mystery newspaper for black rights.

Dred Scott. 1857. US Supreme Court ruled slaves had no rights in court. Missouri Compromise invalid.

Europe, Council of. 1949-. To protect common heritage, human rights and harmonize legislation by replacing bilateral treaties.

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