Gilbert, Humphrey. c1539-83. Claimed Newfoundland for England, 1583.

Godwin. -1053. English Earl. Exiled 1051. Invaded England 1052.

Grand Alliance, War of. 1689-97. Spain, Sweden, England, Holy Roman Empire, Netherlands vs French expansionism. Negotiated Peace. King William’s War. Namur. Augsburg League.

Great Britain. 1707 Kingdom of England, Scotland, Wales. United Kingdom. Act of Union.

Greek Independence, War. 1821-29. Greek rebels, plus England, France, Russia defeat Turkey and Egypt. London Treaty. Otto I. Constantinople Treaty, 1832....End of Holy Alliance.

Gregorian Calendar. 1582. 11 Day correction and addition of non-leap centuries to Julian Calendar. Adopted 1752 England, 1918 Russia.

Guillotin, Joseph. 1738-1814. Recommended guillotine 1792. Earlier used in Scotland, England.

Habeas Corpus Act. 1679. England. Right of prisoner to appear in court before being imprisoned.

Hadrian. 76-138. Roman Emperor 117-. Built wall across England 122-36, Aelius Bridge 134. Rebuilt Greek cities.

Halifax, First Earl of. 1661-1715. English Whig statesman. Started National Debt. Established Bank of England. 1694.

Hanover, Treaty. 1725. England, France, Prussia oppose Vienna Treaty.

Harald III. Norwegian king 1047-66. Killed invading England.

Harold II. Last Saxon king of England, 1066. Killed at Hastings.

Hastings, Battle. 1066. William defeats Harold II, conquers England for Normandy.

Henry I. 1069-1135. King of England 1100-. Regained Normandy for England 1106. Defined yard 1101.

Henry II. 1133-1189. Plantagenet king of England 1154-. Common Law system. Married Eleanor of Aquitaine. Angevin Empire. Becket. Rosamund.

Henry IV. 1366-1413. Rebelled vs Richard II. King of England 1399-. Consolidated government. First Lancaster.

Henry V. 1387-1422. King of England 1413-. Claimed France. Victor at Agincourt. Treaty of Troyes.

Henry VI. 1421-71. King of England and France 1422-61, 70-1. Founded King’s College Cambridge, Eton. Lost France except Calais. Weakness led to War of Roses. Deposed.

Henry VII. 1457-1509. First Tudor King of England 1485-. Defeated Richard III at Bosworth Field, 1485. Ended War of Roses. United Lancasters, Yorks.

Heptarchy. 5-9C. Seven kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England: Kent, Essex, Sussex, Wessex, Mercia, E. Anglia, Northumbria. Frequent wars.

Hogue, La. Battle. 1692. England defeats French navy to prevent invasion.

Holland, John. 1352-1400. Introduced rack to England. (Banned 1628.)

Hudson’s Bay Company. 1670-. England. Explored Canada. Sought NW passage. Trading posts. Fur trade. Monopoly 1821-58. Seven Oaks Massacre.

Humane Society. 1774 England.

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