Farragut, David. 1801-70. Union Civil War admiral. -“Damn the torpedoes. Full speed ahead!”.

Fertile Crescent. 8000BC- ME region from Nile to Euphrates. Birthplace of civilization.

Fillmore, Millard. 1800-74. US President 1850-3. Delayed Civil War. Know Nothing Party 1856.

Franco, Francisco. 1892-1975. Spanish general and ruthless Fascist dictator, 1939-. Spanish Civil War.

Fugitive Slave Acts. 1793-1850. Required return of runaway slaves. American Civil War.

Garfield, James. 1831-81. American Civil War general, US President 1881. Assassinated.

Gempei War. 1180-5. Japanese civil war. Established Kamakura shogunate.

Geneva Convention. 1864. Established humane treatment of war wounded. Sanctioned Red Cross. 1949. Agreements concerning wounded, prisoners, and civilians in war.

Gettysburg. 1863. Lincoln’s address given to dedicate Civil War cemetery. “Four score and seven years ago...Government of the people, by the people, for the people”.

Gettysburg, Battle. 1863. Union victory. Turning point in Civil War.

Gilded Age. Post American Civil War period of materialism, questionable ethics. Named by Mark Twain.

Grand Army of the Republic. 1866-1956. Political organization of American Civil War veterans.

Grant, Ulysses S. 1822-85. Commander-in-Chief Union army 1864-5 in US Civil War. President 1869-77.

Greek Civil War. 1944-9. Communist insurrection defeated with British/US help.

Greenbacks. US banknotes issued to support Civil War not backed by gold.

Guernica. Spanish Basque capital bombed by Germans for Franco, 1937. Euzkadi. Picasso. Spanish Civil War.

Hampton Court Conference. 1604. James I authorizes bible translation. 300 Puritans ejected from office, a cause of Civil War.

Henry IV. 1050-1106. Holy Roman Emperor, 1056-. Civil War. Struggles with Gregory VII led to excommunication. Worms Synod. Clement III.

Illyrian Wars. 229BC~219BC. Romans defeat Illyrian pirates. Greeks recognize Romans as civilized, admit them to games.

India. North: c2500BC Indus valley civilization. c2000BC Aryans invade. 6C Achaemenid. 5C Persia. 326 Alexander(NW). c300 Maurya Empire. 2C BC Greek, Parthian, Kushan invade. 1C AD Kushan. c320 Gupta Empire. 6C Divided. 5-15C Huns, Arabs, Persians invade 12C Moslem. 1526 Mogul. South: 3000BC Dravidian civilization. 12-13C Rashtrakutas, Cholas. 14C Moslem inv. 15C Vijayanagar Empire. 1498 daGama discovers sea route. 18C British East India Co. 1858 British Empire. 1947 Independent. 1950 Republic.

International Brigades. 1936-9. 60,000 volunteers who opposed Franco in Spanish Civil War.

Johnson, Andrew. 1808-75. US President 1865-9. Reconstruction. Civil Rights Act 1866. Barely acquitted in impeachment trial.

Justinian. 483-565. Eastern Roman Emperor, conquered Africa and Italy. Codified Roman law 529. Closed all non-Christian schools, beginning Dark Ages. Nika Riot. Corpus Juris Civilis. Hagia Sophia. Digest 553. Ulpian.

King, Martin Luther, Jr. 1929-68. US non-violent black Civil Rights activist. Assassinated.

Knights of the Golden Circle. 1859-66. Secret US organization of South supporters during Civil War.

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