Charles X. 1757-1836. King of France 1824-30. Overthrown by revolt.

Charles X Gustav. 1622-60. Swedish king 1654-. Gt. Northern War.

Charles Emmanuel I. 1562-1630. Duke of Savoy. Last attack vs Geneva, 1602. Escalade.

Charles Martel. The Hammer. 685-741. Unified Franks. Poitiers victory. Charlemagne’s grandfather.

Christian Socialism. 19C. Kingsley’s appeal to upper class to help the masses.

Coldstream Guards. 1650. Marched to London to restore Charles II.

Commonwealth. 1649-60. Government of England after Charles I executed. Cromwell.

Cornwallis, Charles. 1738-1805. British General. Ended American Revolution by surrender at Yorktown.

Coty, René. 1882-1962. President of France, 1954-59. Algerian Crisis 1958, led to return of deGaulle.

Coulomb, Charles de. 1736-1806. French naval engineer, defined unit of electricity. Electrical attraction 1785.

Cour Carrée. Central court of Louvre designed by Percier and Fontaine.

Cromwell, Oliver. 1599-1658. Led revolution in England, 1649. Lord Protector of the Realm, 1653-. Commonwealth Head of Government, 1649-. Signed Charles I death warrant.

Dana, Charles. 1819-97. US journalist, editor. Attacked corruption.

Darwin, Charles. 1809-1882. English Naturalist. His Theory of Evolution supported Materialism. Origin of Species by Natural Selection 1859. Descent of Man 1871.

Dawes, Charles. 1865-1951. US statesman. Dawes Plan.

DeGaulle, Charles. 1890-1970. Led Free French during WWII. Provisional President 1944-6. President 58-69. Fifth Republic.

Delescluze, Charles. 1809-71. French journalist. Led 1871 Commune.

Devolution, War of. 1667-8. French fail to sieze Spanish Netherlands for Marie-Thérèse vs Charles II. Triple Alliance. Aix-la-Chapelle.

Dickens, Charles. 1812-1870. English popular humanitarian writer and social critic. Created original, colorful memorable characters. Pickwick Papers 1837. Oliver Twist 1838. Christmas Carol 1843. David Copperfield 1850. Great Expectations 1861.

Divine Right. 16-18C. Assertion that king’s authority came from God. Louis XIV. James I. Charles I.

Dodgson, Charles. (Lewis Carroll). 1832-98. English author: Alice in Wonderland 1865.

Dover, Treaty. 1670. Secret agreement. Louis XIV and Charles II. led to Third Dutch War. Ends Triple Alliance.

Duryea, Charles. 1861-1938. US inventor. Pneumatic tires, spray carburetor. First US automobile 1893.

English Civil War. 1642-9. King vs Parliament. Charles beheaded. Monarchy abolished. Commonwealth. Cromwell. Covenanters.

Enlightenment. 17-18C. Intellectual movement. Rationalism, natural laws vs dogma, authority. J-J Rousseau. Smith. Mendlessohn. Fontenelle. Voltaire. Montesquieu. Hume. Berkeley. Sturm und Drang.

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