Hall, Charles. 1863-1914. US. Aluminum manufacturing process 1886.

Hauptman, Bruno. 1899-1936. Kidnaped and killed Lindbergh baby 1932. Executed.

Hospitallers, Knights. 11C-. Order of St. John. First devoted to aid of pilgrims to Holy Land. Prominent in crusades. Bought Rhodes 1309. Expelled by Ottomans, 1522. Given Malta by Charles V, 1530. Expelled by Napoleon, 1798. = Knights of Malta.

Howard, Charles. 1536-1624. English. Commanded expedition vs Spanish Armada.

Ives, Charles. 1874-1954. First major US composer. Unconventional work anticipates 20C techniques. Very influential on later Americans. 3rd Symphony 1904.

Joseph I. 1678-1711. Holy Roman Emperor 1705-. Supported Charles VI vs France in War of Spanish Succession.

July Ordinances. 1830. Charles X attempts to censor press and alter electoral process causing July Revolution.

July Revolution. 1830. France. Thiers. Charles X abdicates and flees to England. Louis-Philippe ascends. Caused by July Ordinances.

Kingsley, Charles. 1819-75. English didactic social novelist/clergyman. Alton Locke 1850. Water Babies 1863. Founded Christian Socialism.

Lamb, Charles. 1775-1834. English poet and essayist. Essays of Elia 1820-33.

Land League. 1879. Irish association to reduce rents. Agitated for Home Rule. Parnell.

Laud, William. 1573-1645. Archbishop of Canterbury, 1633-45. Supported Charles I. Beheaded.

Laurens, Henry. 1724-92. US President of Continental Congress 1777-8. Captured by British. Exchanged for Cornwallis.

Laveran, Charles. 1845-1922. French pathologist. Discovered Malaria parasite 1880.

LeBrun, Charles. 1619-90. Painter. Head of Gobelins Tapestry Works, 1662-. Versailles decorator.

Leconte de Lisle, Charles. 1818-94. French Parnassian poet.

Lindbergh, Charles. 1902-74. US aviator: first solo non-stop flight across Atlantic, 1927.

Long Parliament. 1640-60. Civil War parliament. Ended Charles I attempt to govern without one.

Louvre. 1204 fortress. Charles V library. 1527 new palace by Lescot. 1793 converted to museum. Venus de Milo. Mona Lisa.

Lyell, Charles. 1797-1875. British geologist. Principles of Geology 1833. Coined terms for eras: Pliocene, Miocene, Eocene. Uniformitarianism.

MacDonald, Flora. 1722-90. Scottish Jacobite. Aided Prince Charles after Culloden defeat.

MacLeod, J.J.R. 1876-1935. Scotland. Discovered insulin with Banting, Best.

Madrid, Treaty. 1526. Charles V, Francis I truce in Italian Wars. 1670. Spain cedes Jamaica to Britain.

Marcel, Étienne. 1316-58. French draper who led unsuccessful Paris revolt vs Dauphin Charles V, 1355-8, while John II captured by English. Assassinated.

Maria Luisa. 1751-1819. Spanish queen to Charles IV. With lover Godoy, ruined Spain’s finances.

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