July Ordinances. 1830. Charles X attempts to censor press and alter electoral process causing July Revolution.

July Revolution. 1830. France. Thiers. Charles X abdicates and flees to England. Louis-Philippe ascends. Caused by July Ordinances.

Kingsley, Charles. 1819-75. English didactic social novelist/clergyman. Alton Locke 1850. Water Babies 1863. Founded Christian Socialism.

Lamb, Charles. 1775-1834. English poet and essayist. Essays of Elia 1820-33.

Land League. 1879. Irish association to reduce rents. Agitated for Home Rule. Parnell.

Laud, William. 1573-1645. Archbishop of Canterbury, 1633-45. Supported Charles I. Beheaded.

Laurens, Henry. 1724-92. US President of Continental Congress 1777-8. Captured by British. Exchanged for Cornwallis.

Laveran, Charles. 1845-1922. French pathologist. Discovered Malaria parasite 1880.

LeBrun, Charles. 1619-90. Painter. Head of Gobelins Tapestry Works, 1662-. Versailles decorator.

Leconte de Lisle, Charles. 1818-94. French Parnassian poet.

Lindbergh, Charles. 1902-74. US aviator: first solo non-stop flight across Atlantic, 1927.

Long Parliament. 1640-60. Civil War parliament. Ended Charles I attempt to govern without one.

Louvre. 1204 fortress. Charles V library. 1527 new palace by Lescot. 1793 converted to museum. Venus de Milo. Mona Lisa.

Lyell, Charles. 1797-1875. British geologist. Principles of Geology 1833. Coined terms for eras: Pliocene, Miocene, Eocene. Uniformitarianism.

MacDonald, Flora. 1722-90. Scottish Jacobite. Aided Prince Charles after Culloden defeat.

MacLeod, J.J.R. 1876-1935. Scotland. Discovered insulin with Banting, Best.

Madrid, Treaty. 1526. Charles V, Francis I truce in Italian Wars. 1670. Spain cedes Jamaica to Britain.

Marcel, Étienne. 1316-58. French draper who led unsuccessful Paris revolt vs Dauphin Charles V, 1355-8, while John II captured by English. Assassinated.

Maria Luisa. 1751-1819. Spanish queen to Charles IV. With lover Godoy, ruined Spain’s finances.

Marmousets. Advisers to French Charles V and VI.

Martel, Charles. Charles Martel.

Maurras, Charles. 1868-1952. French political theorist. Founded Action Française 1899.

Mayo, Charles. 1865-1939, William 1861-1939. Founded clinic, medical research foundation, 1915.

Mersen, Treaty. 870. Divided Lotharingia. Charles II and Louis the German establish French/German frontier.

Monmouth, James. 1649-85. Illegitimate son of Charles II. Rye House Plot 1683. Beheaded after rebellion.

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