Sangallo, Antonio da, the Younger. 1483-1546. Florentine architect. Rome’s Palazzo Farnese 1534-46.

Sansculottes. 1793-4. Radical French Revolutionaries. Demanded action of Convention vs counterrevolution. Terror.

Sansovino, Jacopo. 1486-1570. Florentine sculptor, architect. Introduced High Renaissance to Venice. Library of St. Mark’s.

Sardou, Victorien. 1831-1908. French dramatist. La Tosca. A Scrap of Paper 1860.

Sartre, Jean-Paul. 1905-80. French existentialist philosopher: L’Etre et le Néant 1943. Social responsibility of freedom. (refused).

Satie, Erik. 1866-1925. Modern French Impressionist, Neoclassical composer.

Satrap. Provincial governor of Persian Empire. Achaemenids.

Saturn. Roman god of agriculture and civilization. = Cronus. Saturnalia festival influenced Christmas.

Sauvage, Nicolas. French. Invented cabriolet taxi 1660.

Savigny, Friedrich von. 1779-1861. German jurist, historian of Roman and medieval law. Modern system of civil law.

Savonarola, Girolamo. 1452-98. Led Florence 1494- after Medici overthrow. Reformer against vice and corruption in the church and society. Burned books, paintings, luxuries. Hung+burned.

Savonnerie. 1604-1826. Royal French carpet makers incorporated into Gobelins.

Savoy. 1048 Duchy founded by Humbert I. 1056 +Piedmont. 1720 +Sardinia -Sicily = Kingdom of Sardinia. 1792 French. 1814 Sardinia. 1815 +Genoa. 1860 France.

Savoy Conference. 1661. London. Failed to agree on new prayer book. Puritans leave Church of England.

Sax, Antoine. 1814-94. French inventor of saxophone 1846.

Saxe, Maurice, comte de. 1696-1750. French commander, War of Austrian Succession.

Saxons. 5C. Germanic people colonized France, England. 8C Widerkind defeated by Charlemagne on continent.

Saxony. 843 «East Frankish Kingdom. 919-1024 Ruled HRE. 1180 Divided. 1697 Elector (King) of Poland. 1785 Fürstenbund. 1806 Napoleon creates Kingdom. 1815 Half to Prussia. 1815 German Confederation. 1835 Zollverein. 1867 North German Confederation. 1871 German Empire. 1918 Abolished monarchy. 1920 Republic. 1933 Germany.

Scaliger, Joseph. 1540-1609. Classical scholar. Founded science of chronology.

Scaliger, Julius Caesar. 1484-1558. Italian/French classical scholar. “Father” of literary criticism. Poetics 1561.

Scaramouche. Italian clown, at 83 could knock off his partner’s hat with a high kick.

Scarlatti, Alessandro. 1660-1725. Italian composer of oratorios and operas. Neapolitan School. Influenced classical harmony.

Scarlatti, Domenico. 1685-1757. Italian composer. 555 Sonatas for harpsichord 1737-. Operas 1703-.

Scarron, Paul. 1610-60. French dramatist, novelist. Le Roman Comique 1651-9.

Schacht, Hjalmar. 1877-1970. German financier. Halted ruinous inflation 1923. President of Reichsbank 1929-39. Minister of Economy 1934-7.

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