Poncelet, Jean. 1788-1867. French mathematician. Projective geometry.

Pondicherry. 1674. French colony. 1954 joined India.

Pont-Aven. 1886-88. School of Synthesism led by Gauguin.

Ponte Vecchio. 1345. Florence. First segmented arch bridge in West.

Pontiac. c1720-69. American Indian chief. Led revolt vs British 1763-6.

Poor Law Commission. 1842. Chadwick recommends municipal clean water supply and sewage systems to prevent disease.

Pop Art. 1950-. Movement drawing from popular culture. Warhol. Lichtenstein.

Pope. Head of Roman Catholic Church, Bishop of Rome. Considered the infallible vicar of Christ.

Porphyry. c233-305. Greek Neoplatonic philosopher. Adversus Christianos burned. Tree of Porphyry.

Port Arthur. Chinese port. 1894 Japan. 1895 China (Shimonoseki Treaty). 1898 Russia. 1904 Japan. 1945 USSR/China. 1955 China.

Portland, William Bentrick, Duke of. 1649-1709. Dutch/English statesman. Boyne. Treaty of Rijswijk.

Portsmouth, Treaty. 1905. Russia recognizes Japan in Korea, returning Manchuria to China.

Portugal. Iberians, Celts. 5-4C BC Greek colony. c225BC Carthage(S). 2C BC Rome. 411 Suevi. 5C Visigoth. 711 Moor. 868 Christian(N). c1060 León. 1143 Independent kingdom. 1250 Moors expelled. 1500 +Brazil. 1580 Spain. 1640 Independent. 1820 Constitutional Monarchy. 1822 -Brazil. 1910 Republic. 1932 Salazar dictator. 1976 Democracy.

Post-Romantic. Music style of late 19C, early 20C. Exaggerated Romanticism. Mahler. Schoenberg.

Potter, Beatrix. 1866-1943. English children’s story writer. Peter Rabbit 1900.

Poujadism. 1954-8. French extreme right-wing political movement founded by Poujade. Gained tax concessions.

Poulenc, Francis. 1899-1963. Modern French composer. Les Six.

Poussin, Nicolas. 1594-1665. French Neoclassical painter. Strong pictorial emotional works. Arcadian Shepherds 1638/55. Rape of the Sabines 1636-7.

Powell, Enoch. 1912- British Conservative politician vs EEC, immigration.

Powhatan. c1550-1618. American Indian chief. Pocohantas’ father. Co-op. with settlers.

Praetorius, Michael. 1571-1621. German choral composer. Musae Sioniae 1605-10. Syntagma Musicum 1615-19.

Pragmatic Sanction. 1713. Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI declares Maria Theresa as heir causing War of Austrian Succession.

Pragmatism. 19-20C. Philosophy emphasizing experiment and practical utility. Pierce. James. Dewey. Schiller.

Prague, Treaty of. 1866. Ends Austro-Prussian War. Schleswig-Holstein to Prussia.

Prague Spring. 1968. Czech reforms face Soviet intervention. Dubcek.

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