Fontenoy, Battle. 1745. French victory in War of Austrian Succession.

Ford, Gerald. 1913-. Only non-elected US President 1974-6. Replaced Agnew as VP, Nixon as President pardoned Nixon.

Foreign Legion. 1831-. French army unit of foreign volunteers, French officers founded in Algeria.

Formigé. Designer of gardens in Champ-de-Mars 1908.

Formigny, Battle. 1450. French artillery defeat English longbow.

Fortuna. Roman goddess of destiny. = Tyche.

Fouché, Joseph. 1758-1820. French Revolutionary. Minister of Police 1779~1815. Secret police. Intrigued vs Robespierre 1794, Napoleon 1799,1807; Louis XVIII 1814.

Foujita, Tsuguhara. 1886-1968. Japanese/French painter.

Fouqué, Friedrich. 1777-1843. German Romantic writer. Undine 1811.

Fouquet, Jean. 1420-70. French miniaturist. Book of Hours 1450. Charles VII 1445.

Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse. Biblical reference to war, famine, death, and Christ, to come at end of world.

Fourier, Charles. 1772-1837. French socialist philosopher. His utopia was attempted in US, Brook Farm, a voluntary cooperative.

Fourier, Jean. 1768-1830. French mathematician/ physicist. Flow of heat 1822. Analysis of cyclical phenomena.

Fox, Charles. 1749-1806. English Whig Statesman who supported Liberal causes. Coined term ’radical’ 1797.

Fragonard, Jean. 1732-1806. French Rococo painter of hedonistic Provençale scenes. Swing 1766.

France. 6C BC Celt, Greek colonies. 51BC Rome. 3-5C Franks, Visigoths inv. 481 Merovingian emp. 751 Carolingian. 843 Split = W Frankish Kingdom. 987 Capetian. 1016 + Burgundy. 1378 Valois dyn. 1589 Bourbon dyn. 1792 Republic. 1799 Consulate. 1804 Empire. 1814 Monarchy rest. 1848 2nd Republic. 1852 2nd Empire. 1870 3rd Republic. 1940 German occupation. 1946 4th Republic. 1958 5th Republic.

France, Anatole. 1844-1924. French short story writer. The Red Lily 1894.

Francis I. 1494-1547. French king 1515-. Vs Charles V. Prosecuted Protestants. Began exploration, colonization. Field of Cloth of Gold.

Francis Ferdinand. 1863-1914. Austrian archduke assassinated in Sarajevo, provoking WWI.

Francis Joseph I. 1830-1916. Austrian Empire. 1848-. King of Hungary 1867-. Bismarck. Triple Alliance. Dual Monarchy.

Francis Joseph II. 1906-89. Ruled Liechtenstein 1938-. Neutral in WWII. High tech, banking, Europe’s richest nation. Woman suffrage 1984.

Franciscans. 1209. Religious order founded by St. Francis of Assisi. Missionary and educational work. Includes Capuchins, Conventuals, Observants, Zealots.

Franck, César. 1822-90. Belgian/French organist, Romantic composer.

Franco-Prussian War. 1870-1. Unified Germany dominated by Prussia, wins Alsace-Lorraine. Commune. Ems Dispatch.

Franklin, Benjamin. 1706-90. US author, scientist, revolutionary leader. Poor Richard’s Almanac 1732-57. Franklin Stove 1744. Lightning rod 1752. Bifocals 1784.

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