Abdul Rahman, Tunku. 1903-90. First Prime Minister of independent Malaya 1957-70. United Malay, Chinese, Indian factions.

Abolition Act. 1833. Ends slavery in British Empire.

Abstract Expressionism. 1940s New York style of Pollock, Rothko. Spontaneous expression, free of traditional values. Expressionism.

Acta. 59BC-330. Minutes of Roman public business, published daily.

Actaeon. Mythical Greek hunter, turned into a stag for watching Artemis bathing.

Actium, Battle. 31BC. Octavian defeats Antony to become sole ruler of Roman Empire.

Acts of the Apostles. c70-90. Luke’s history of early Christian church.

Aeschylus. 524-456BC. Founded Greek tragic drama. Introduced 2nd actor, reduced chorus. Prometheus Bound. Seven Against Thebes, 467.

Alberoni, Giulio. 1664-1752. Acting Prime Minister, directed Spanish revival 1716-19.

American Civil Liberties Union. ACLU. 1920-. US legal action group supporting civil rights.

Anne. 1665-1714. British Queen 1702-. Reign notable for literarature, science, architecture. Last Stuart. Acts of Union, Settlement.

Anthroposophy. Human power to contact spiritual world. Steiner.

Antony, Mark. c83-30BC. Caesar’s lieutenant. Triumvirate 43-32. Defeated at Actium with Cleopatra. Suicide.

ANZUS, Pact. 1951. Australia, NZ, US mutual defence in Pacific.

Arabesque. Style characterized by entwined vines, leaves.

Asiento. 1517-1750. Monopoly contracts to supply slaves to Spanish colonies.

Austin, Herbert. 1886-1941. English car manufacturer. Small car pioneer.

Auto-da-fé. (Act of Faith). 1481-1850. Sentencing ceremony of Inquisition.

Avila Camacho, Manuel. 1897-1955. Mexican President 1940-46. Befriended US, rallied Latin America vs Axis.

Axis Pact. 1936-45. German-Italian Agreement, 1936. Cooperative alliance maintained through WWII. Allied with Spain, 1939; Japan, 1936. Yugoslavia 1941. Tripartite Pact.

Baader-Meinhof Gang. (Red Army Faction). 1968-92. West German terrorists supported by Stasi.

Baghdad Pact. 1955. Became CENTO 1959.

Bakunists. Anarchist faction of Internationals.

Balkan Entente. 1934-9. Greece, Turkey, Romania, Yugoslavia mutual defence pact.

Balkan Wars. 1912-13. Balkan League defeats Ottoman Empire. Turkish territory distributed. General dissatisfaction termed the “powder keg of Europe”.

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