Spanish Marriages, Affair of. 1846. Isabella’s sister, heir marries French prince, despite Spanish assurances, causing English/French rift.

Spoils System. 19C US political patronage.

St Laurent, Louis. 1882-1973 Canadian Liberal Prime Minister 1948-57. St Lawrence Seaway. Old Age Security.

Stanton, Elizabeth Cady. 1815-1902. US suffrage leader. First woman’s rights convention 1848. Mott.

Stone Age. Period before use of metal tools. Date varies by region: Near east -c3500BC Paleolithic. Neolithic.

Suckling, John. 1609-42. English poet, lyricist. Invented cribbage.

Suffrage, Women. 1893 New Zealand. 1902 Australia. 1906 Finland. 1913 Norway. 1915 Denmark. 1917 USSR. 1918 Canada. 1918/28 Britain. Reform Bills. 1920 US. 1971 Switzerland. 1976 Liechtenstein. Not yet in Arab countries. Wyoming.

Suffragettes. Women seeking right to vote. Pankhurst. Anthony. Stanton. Suffrage.

Surprise Plot. 1603. To hold James I hostage for religious reform.

Swahili. Bantu people and language of Central Africa.

Syracuse, Battle. 480BC Carthage repelled. 415-413BC Critical Athenian defeat in Peloponnesian War. 396, 392 Carthage defeated. 382-75 Defeated by Carthage. 214-211 BC Rome conquers, sacks city.

Tagalog. Filipino ethnic group, official language.

Tallage. -14C. Feudal tax on vassals by Lords.

T’ang. 618-907. Chinese dynasty. Golden Age. Overthrown by provincial warlords.

Tangier. 15C BC Phoenicia. Carthage. Rome = Tingis. 429 Vandal. 541 Byzantine. 621 Visigoth. c682 Moslem. 1471-17C Spain, Portugal dispute. 1661 English. 1684 Morocco. 1923 International neutral port. 1940-45 Spanish occupy. 1956 Morocco.

Tascher de la Pagerie. Joséphine.

Taylor, Frederick. 1856-1915. US engineer, created efficiency methods. Principles of Scientific Management 1911.

Temple, William. 1628-99. English diplomat. Arranged Triple Alliance, marriage of William and Mary.

Tesla, Nikola. 1856-1943. Croatian/US physicist: high voltage electricity. Rotating magnetic field.

Thalidomide. 1958-62. German/British sedative with disastrous effects on embryo development. Led to drug regulatory agencies worldwide.

Thespis. 6C BC The founder of Greek tragedy. Created actor to dialog with chorus.

Three-Anti Campaign. 1951-2. Chinese communists try to eliminate fraud, mismanagement, corruption after revolution.

Tillich, Paul. 1886-1965. German/US Christian philosopher. Courage To Be 1952. Systematic Theology 1951-63..

Titanic. 1912. “Unsinkable” British ship sank on maiden voyage. 1513 died.

Tubman, William. 1895-1971. Liberia. President 1941-. Women’s and native suffrage. School system.

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