Mesolithic. c8000-2700BC. Middle stone age between Paleolithic, Neolithic.

Messina. 730BC Greek. 396BC Carthage. 264BC Independent. 535 Byzantine. 843 Saracens sack. 1061 Norman...«Sicily.

Metaphysical Painting. 1911-20. Bizarre surreal imagery in stark landscape. De Chirico.

Metellus, Macedonicus. -115BC. Roman censor. Advocated compulsory marriage to increase birthrate 131BC.

Middle Ages. 395-1492. Collapse of Rome to Columbus. Rise of Church power, modern European states. Dark Ages.

Middle English. English language and literature 1100-1500.

Middle Kingdom. 2040-1786BC. Golden age of art and commerce in Egypt.

Mindon Min. 1814-78. Burmese king 1853-. Founded Mandalay. Golden age. Ceded lower Burma to British.

Mogadishu Raid. 1977. German commandos rescue hijack hostages.

Morris, Gouverneur. 1752-1816. US statesman. Wrote final version of Constitution. Planned coinage.

Mortimer. English royal family. Edmund’s royal marriage 14C led to 15C Yorkist claims vs Henry IV. Edward IV.

Mozarabs. 8-11C. Christians who adopted Moslem language and culture in Spain but remained Catholic.

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus. 1756-91. Viennese Classical composer. European tour at age 6. Seemingly effortless compositions of symmetry and melody with emotional feeling. Marriage of Figaro 1786. Don Juan 1787. Magic Flute 1791.

Mukden Incident. 1931. Japan takes over Manchuria on pretext of attempted railway sabotage.

Muses. Nine daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne that preside over the areas of knowledge: Calliope-epics, Clio-history, Erato-love poems, Thalia-comedy, Melpomene- tragedy, Terpsichore-dance, Euterpe-music, Polyhymnia-sacred poems, Urania-astronomy.

My Lai Massacre. 1968. US troops kill all residents of Vietnamese village. Calley.

Napoleonic Code. 1804-. French laws standardized. Personal liberty, equality, justice, divorce, marriage, property rights. Still in use.

Narcissus. Greek youth, loved by Echo, loved his own image.

NASA. 1958-. US space agency.

National Trust. 1895. Non-profit organization to preserve British heritage buildings and lands.

Neolithic. 10,000-2,000BC. New Stone age.

Niepce, Nicéphore. 1765-1833. French. First permanent photographic image 1826.

Nordenskjöld, Erik. 1832-1901. Sweden. First successful navigation of North-East passage 1878-9.

Northwest Passage. Attempts 1497- to find a sea route around Canada to Asia. Amundsen succeeded 1903-6. McClure 1853.

Norton, Thomas. 1532-84. First English tragedy with Sackville, in blank-verse. Gorboduc 1561.

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