Garter, Order of. c1348. First Order of British Knighthood. Founded by Edward III. “Honi soit qui mal y pense”. Shame on him who thinks evil of it.

George III. 1738-1820. King of Great Britain and Ireland 1760-. Supported King’s Friends. Political instability. American Revolution. Insane 1810-.

Glencoe Massacre. 1692. Campbells kill 38 MacDonalds for late oath of allegiance to King William.

Glorious Revolution. 1688. British Protestant William and Mary depose James II. Declaration of Rights, Bill of Rights 1689.

Good Parliament. 1376. Reforms against Edward III. Nullified 1377.

Granicus, Battle. 334BC. Alexander’s First victory; defeats Darius III of Persia.

Great Intercourse. 1495. Henry VIII, Philip of Burgundy trade treaty.

Gregory VII (Hildebrand), St. 1020-85. Pope 1073-. Condemned lay investiture 1075. Henry IV appoints Anti-Pope Clement III, attacked Rome, 1081-3.

Gregory XIII. 1502-85. Pope 1572-. Gregorian calendar.

Guise, Henri, duc de. 1550-88. Partipated in St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre. Founded Catholic League 1576. Led revolt against Henry III. Murdered.

Harald III. Norwegian king 1047-66. Killed invading England.

Henry III. 1202-72. English king, 1216-. Provisions of Oxford 1258. Montfort.

Henry III. 1551-89. French king 1574-. Wars of Religion, Three Henrys. Assassinated.

Henry IV. 1050-1106. Holy Roman Emperor, 1056-. Civil War. Struggles with Gregory VII led to excommunication. Worms Synod. Clement III.

Henry VII. 1457-1509. First Tudor King of England 1485-. Defeated Richard III at Bosworth Field, 1485. Ended War of Roses. United Lancasters, Yorks.

Henry VIII. 1491-1547. King of England 1509-. Executed Thomas More. Established Church of England. Dissolved monasteries. Six wives: Catherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Catherine Howard, Catherine Parr.

Holbein, Hans, the Younger. 1497-1543. German/English Realist portrait painter. St. Mary 1525. Danse Macabre 1526. Henry VIII 1540.

Howard, Catherine. 1521-42. 5th wife of Henry VIII. Beheaded.

Hungarian Uprising. 1703-11. Ferenc Rákóczi II led vs Hapsburg centralism. No real change achieved. 1956. Student-led revolt crushed by Russian troops. Kádár puppet government established. Nagy executed.

Innocent III. c1160-1216. Pope 1198-. Peak power of papacy. Fourth Crusade. Authorized incorporation of University of Paris 1215. Placed Inquisition under Franciscans and Dominicans. Crowned Frederick II.

Innocent VIII. 1432-92. Pope 1484-. Authorized Inquisition against witchcraft 1484.

Isabella. 1292-1358. Ousted husband Edward II in favour of son, Edward III, 1327.

Issus, Battle. 333BC. Alexander the Great defeats Persians under Darius III.

Ivan III. The Great. 1440-1505. United Russia 1478. Ended Tartar domination.

James III. 1452-88. King of Scotland 1460-. Killed by rebels at Sauchieburn.

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