Paraguayan War. 1864-70. Paraguay decimated by Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay. Reduced population from 525K to 193K women and 28K men.

Paris. Son of Priam. Carried Helen back to Troy, starting the Trojan Wars. Shot Achilles. Judged first beauty contest.

Paris, Congress. 1856. Austria, France, Britain, Russia, Ottomans, Sardinia end Crimean War.

Paris, Treaties. 1229 Ends Albigensian Crusade. Louis gains Toulouse. 1327. England loses territory to France. 1763 Ends Seven Years War. Britain gets French holdings in Canada. Spain gets American territory. 1783 Ends American Revolution. US borders fixed. 1814 Ends Napoleonic Wars, restoring 1792 borders. Napoleon exiled to Elba. 1815 Ends Hundred Days. 1790 borders, reparations. Napoleon to St. Helena. 1856 Ends Crimean War. Black Sea neutral. Regulated Laws of High Seas. 1898 Ends Spanish American War. Spain cedes Cuba, Philippines, Puerto Rico to US. 1947. Settled European borders after WWII.

Passarowitz, Treaty. 1718. Venice cedes Peloponnesus to Ottomans. Ends Turkish War.

Pastry War. 1838-9. France blockades Mexico. Wins cook’s 1828 damage claims.

Pathet Lao. 1950-91. Laotian communists vs French rule in Indochina.

Patton, George. 1885-1945. US general. Tank warfare.

Paullus, Aemilius. 229-160BC. Roman victor at Pydna, 168BC. Ended Macedonian War.

Peasants’ War. 1524-6. Geneva Anabaptist peasants crushed by nobles and clergy. Muntzer.

Pelagius. c354-c425. Welsh monk. Held heretical view that God rewards the virtuous. Free will, no original sin vs Determinism. Pelagians.

Peloponnesian War. 460-445BC. Athens vs Peloponnesian League.

Peloponnesian War, Second. 431-404BC. Sparta defeats Athens, beginning Greek decline.

Peninsular Campaign. 1862. Failed Union attempt to take Richmond in American Civil War.

Peninsular War. 1808-14. British, Spanish, Portuguese under Wellington defeat French in Iberian Peninsula.

Pequot War. 1636-7. British annihilate North American Pequot tribe.

Pergolesi, Giovanni Battista. 1710-36. Italian opera buffa composer. La serva padrona 1733. “War of the Buffoons” Paris 1752.

Persian Wars. 490-479BC. Greek city-states repel Persian invasion.

Petersburg Campaign. 1864-5. Virginia. Final action of American Civil War leading to Confederate defeat.

Phalangists. 1936-2000 Militant Maronites vs Moslems in Lebanese Civil War.

Philby, Kim. 1912-88. British/Soviet double agent 1933-51. Escaped to USSR 1963. My Secret War 1968.

Philip. Metacom. -1676. Led Massasoit in King Philip’s War.

Philip V. 1683-1746. First Bourbon king of Spain 1700-. Accession led to War of Spanish Succession, loss of Netherlands and Italian possessions. War of Polish Succession.

Philoctetes. Mythical Greek warrior. Killed Paris at Troy.

Pickering, Edward. 1846-1919. US pioneer of stellar spectroscopy, photometry.

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