Dualism, Religious. Belief in 2 opposed deities, usually good and evil. Gnosticism.

Dubcek, Alexander. 1921-92. Czech First Secretary, 1968-9. Attempted reforms led to Soviet Invasion.

Dumas, Alexandre (Fils). 1824-1895. Son of Alexandre, writer. Dame aux camélias 1848.

Dumas, Alexandre (Père). 1802-70. French writer. Three Musketeers 1844. Count of Monte Cristo.

Dunes, Battle. 1658. England, France defeat Spanish. Fronde.

Dupin, Amandine. Wrote as George Sand.

Durand, Asher. 1796-1886. US painter. Founded Hudson River school.

Durand Line. 1893. Divided Afghanistan from British India.

Dürer, Albrecht. 1471-1528. German painter, pioneer engraver. Apocalypse 1498. Grand Passion 1501. St Jerome 1513. 4 Apostles 1526.

Durrell, Lawrence. 1912-90. British erotic writer. The Alexandria Quartet 1957-60.

Dutch West India Company. 1621-1794. Commercial and colonial interests in Africa, South America. Driven from Brazil, 1654, New York, 1667.

Dvaravati. 6-13C. Kingdom in Thailand. Indian culture.

East Anglia. 6C Anglo-Saxon kingdom. c870 Denmark. 917 England.

East-West Schism. 1054. Separation of Roman and Eastern Catholic churches over filioque.

Eastern Question. 19-20C. Instability caused by decline of Turkish rule led to Crimean War and WWI.

Eastman, George. 1854-1932. US inventor of roll film and Kodak camera 1888. Bromide print 1871.

Edda. c1230. Collections of Icelandic literature, songs.

Eddy, Mary Baker. 1821-1910. US founder of Christian Science Religion. Wrote Science and Health 1875.

Eden. Biblical home of Adam and Eve.

Edgar. 943-975. English King, 959-. First coronation (Bath) of a king of all England.

Edinburgh, Treaty. 1560. France and England withdraw from Scotland.

Edington, Battle. 878. King Alfred, Wessex only Anglo-Saxon kingdom to withstand Danes.

Edmund I. 921-46. King of England 939-. Recaptured north England from Norse. Monastic revival.

Edward I. 1239-1307. King of England 1272-. Conquered Wales. Limited power of church and nobles. 1290 expelled Jews. Defined acre 1305.

Edward III. 1312-77. King of England 1327-. Claimed crown of France, causing Hundred Years War.

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