Irredentists. 1878. Italian political party with object of incorporating neighbouring regions.

Ishtar. Assyrian and Babylonian goddess of love, sex, and war. Earth Mother.

Ivan III. The Great. 1440-1505. United Russia 1478. Ended Tartar domination.

Jacobites. 1688-1753. Supporters of exiled James II and Stuart line after Glorious Revolution. 1715 “Old Pretender” James fails to claim British throne. 1745-6. Bonnie Prince Charlie unable to reclaim throne of England/Scotland. Stuart supporters aided rebels in Scotland and Ireland. Culloden Moor.

Jacquemart de Hesdin. Court painter: Grandes Heures du Duc de Berry 1409.

James, St. -c44. One of 12 Apostles. Martyred by Herod Agrippa I.

Jeffersonian Republicans. 1790-. US First opposition party. Advocated limited government vs Federalists.

Jena-Auerstadt, Battles. 1806. Napoleonic victories over Prussians led to fall of Berlin.

Jinnah, Muhammed Ali. 1876-1948. Founded Moslem League 1934. Demanded partition of India. First gov-gen. of Pakistan.

John. Lackland. 1167-1216. King of England 1199-. Lost Normandy. Forced to sign Magna Carta 1215. Excommunicated 1209. Lost Anjou.

John II. The Perfect. 1455-95. King of Portugal 1481-. Sponsored Diaz.

Johns, Jasper. 1930-. US Pop artist. Painted Bronze 1960 (2 beer cans).

Joliot-Curie, Frédéric. 1900-58, and Irène. 1897-1956. Discovered Uranium fission 1934. Artificial radioactive substances.

Jorn, Asger. 1914-73. Danish Imaginist artist. Lettre à mon Fils 1957. L’avangarde se rende pas 1962.

Joséphine, Empress. 1763-1814. Widow of beheaded General de Beauharnais, wife of Napoleon 1796-1809; divorced.

Joyce, James. 1882-1941. Innovative Irish writer in Stream of Consciousness style. Experimented with linguistic techniques. Dubliners 1914. Portrait of the Artist 1916. Ulysses 1922. Finnegan’s Wake 1939.

Judah. Judaea. Southern part of Kingdom of Israel.

Jude, St. Apostle of Jesus. Martyred in Persia.

Jugenstil. Art Nouveau.

Kadet. 1905-17. Russian moderate party in Duma.

Karageorge, George. 1762-1817. Serbian. Led revolt vs Turks, 1804. Murdered by Milos, starting 100 year feud.

Karakhan Manifesto. 1919. USSR renounces Czarist rights in China. Spurs Chinese Communist Party.

Kato, Takaakira. 1860-1926. Japanese foreign minister, Prime Minister. Twenty-One Demands 1915. Founded Kenseikai party 1913.

Keble, John. 1792-1866. English poet/clergyman. National Apostacy 1833 sermon started Oxford Movement.

Kennedy, John. 1917-63. US President 1961-. -“New Frontier”. Peace Corps. Apollo Program. Cuban Missile Crisis. Assassinated by Oswald. Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty.

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