Clarke, Arthur C. 1917-2008. British science fiction writer. Predicted geosynchronous satellites 1945. 2001: A Space Odyssey 1968.

Classical. 500-300BC Greek Art. Idealized figure sculptures. Doric, Ionic, Corinthian architecture. Praxiteles. Roman Art. 1C BC-2C AD. Greek forms; added arch. Sculpture: realistic portraits, dramatic bas-relief.

Classical Music. ~1750-1820. Development of sonata, symphony, string quartet. Mozart. Beethoven. Haydn.

Classicism. Art and architecture in imitation of Greek and Roman styles. Neoclassical.

Cleomenes I. Spartan King. c521-491BC. Maintained Spartan dominance.

Cleomenes III. -c219BC. Spartan King 235-222. Defeated Achaean League. Lost to Macedonia.

Coatlicue. Aztec earth goddess.

Coligny, Gaspard de. 1519-72. Huguenot leader 1562-. Influence on king caused Bartholomew’s Day Massacre.

Colossus of Rhodes. 280-224BC. 30m bronze statue of Helios. Collapsed during earthquake. A 7 Wonder.

Columbus, Christopher. 1446-1506. Genoese navigator for Spain. Discovered America, 1492. Pinzon.

COMINFORM. Communist Information Bureau. 1947-56. Coordinated European party activities.

Communist Party. USSR. 1918. Name adopted by Bolsheviks for Social Democratic Workers’ Party. Parties started in Britain, USA, Austria, France, Italy, Spain, Germany soon after.

Compton, Arthur. 1892-1962. US physicist: C Effect, 1923.

Concordat. 1801-1905. Regulation of French church instituted by Napoleon.

Congress (I) Party. 1978-. Split from Congress Party under Indira Gandhi.

Congress Party. 1885-. Indian political party. In power 1947-77.

Conrad, Joseph. 1857-1924. Polish/English novelist emphasizing relations between people and circumstances. Lord Jim 1900. Heart of Darkness 1902.

Conservative Party. Britain. 1832. Successor to Tory Party.

Constance, Council. 1414-18. Ended Great Schism. Church council victory over papal power. Martin V elected pope.

Constitutional Convention. 1787. Philadelphia. Amended Articles of Confederation. Constitution.

Consulate. 1799-1804. Napoleon’s military triumvirate after Directory overthrown.

Continental System. 1806-12. Napoleon’s European embargo vs Britain. Russian refusal led to 1812 Campaign. British retaliation led to Anglo-American War 1812.

Cook, James. 1728-79. English explorer. Sailed to Tahiti to see transit of Venus, 1768. Charted New Zealand 1769. Claimed Australia 1770.

Corinthian Wars. 395-387BC. Athens and allies overcome Spartan domination.

Corot, Camille. 1796-1875. French painter, forerunner of Barbizon school of Art. Narni Bridge 1827.

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