Barbarossa II. 1466-1546. Turkish pirate. Conquered Algiers 1518, Tunis 1534.

Suleiman I. The Magnificent. 1494-1566. Ottoman sultan 1520-. Expanded Empire to Yugoslavia, Hungary, Greece. Besieged Vienna. Cultural expansion. Barbarossa II.

Adrian IV. c1100-59. Only English pope 1150-. Crowned Barbarossa.

Barbarossa, Operation. 1941. German invasion of USSR.

Frederick I. (Barbarossa). c1123-90. HRE 1155-. Crusades. Opposed papal authority.