Union. The North. States which did not secede during the American Civil War. Confederacy.

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. USSR. 1917 Communist revolution, Civil War. 1923 Union of states. 1939 +Galicia. 1940 +Baltic States, Bessarabia, Karelia. 1945 +Ruthenia. Recognized: 1923 US, 1924 Britain, 1940 Yugoslavia. 1991 Dissolved. Russia.

United Arab Emirates. 1820 = Trucial States. 1892 British protectorate. 1971 Independent federation.

United Kingdom. 1801 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. 1921 -Irish Free State =UK of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

United States of America. USA. 40,000-20,000BC Asians settle. 1492-1776 Spain, Portugal, France, Netherlands, Britain colonize. 1776 American Revolution. 1783 Thirteen Colonies independent. Manifest Destiny. 1845 +Texas. 1848 +California. 1867 +Alaska. 1898 +Hawaii, Puerto Rico.

Usury. Maximum interest rates: Rome 50BC: 12%, 529: 8%. Islam 622: 0%. Christian 1311: 0%. England: 1623 8%, 1651 6%, 1713 5%, 1854 eliminated. USA, by State: 5-45%

Utopia. Imaginary ideal state. More. Bacon. Plato.

Vatican City. 1929 State established by Lateran Treaty.

Vereeniging, Treaty. 1902. Ended Boer War. Transvaal, Orange Free State become British Crown Colony.

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions. 1798,9. States protest Alien +Sedition Acts limiting freedoms. Nullification.

Vizier. 14-20C. Ottoman top minister of state.

Voroshilov, Kliment. 1881-1969. Soviet Head of State 1953-60.

Vyshinsky, Andrei. 1883-1954. Russian statesman, prosecutor for Purge trials.

Warring States. 481-221BC. Chinese period of many small feuding kingdoms.

Webb, Sidney. 1859-1947. Beatrice. 1858-1943. British Fabian Socialists. Founded London School of Economics, New Statesman 1913.

West Indies Associated States. 1967 Association of self-governing former Britishcolonies under British suzerainty.

West Virginia. 1863. Region refused to secede with Virginia, forming a new state.

William III. 1650-1702. Prince of Orange 1672-. King of England with Mary II 1689-. Ended War of Grand Alliance 1697. Defeated James II at Battle of Boyne, reconquered Ireland 1690. Declared freedom of worship.

Williams, Roger. c1603-83. English Calvinist founder of Rhode Island, Providence 1636. Introduced separation of church, state.

Witt, Johan de. 1625-72. Dutch statesman. Rebuilt navy. Led Dutch Wars. Triple Alliance 1668. Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. Killed by Orangist mob.

World War II. 1939-45. Allies-Britain, France, US(1941-), Russia(1941-) vs Axis-Italy, Germany, Japan, Russia(-1941). Caused by German Totalitarian expansionism resulting from WWI reparations and fear of Communism. 55M dead. 35M wounded. 30M refugees. Cost $US 1500B. Led to United Nations, Soviet power, State of Israel, atomic weapons.

Yamagata Aritomo. 1838-1922. Japanese statesman. Modernized army.

Zaire. Bantu. 1482 Portugal explores. 1885 Personal holding of Leopold II = Congo Free State. 1908 Belgian Congo. 1960 Independent. 1971 =Zaire. 1997 Democratic Republic of Congo.