Guild Socialism. 1900-20. British movement for state- owned, worker-controlled industry.

Gujrat, Battle. 1849. British defeat Sikhs, annex Punjab.

Halifax, First Earl of. 1661-1715. English Whig statesman. Started National Debt. Established Bank of England. 1694.

Halifax, First Earl of. 1881-1959. English statesman. Viceroy of India 1925-31, Foreign Secretary 1938-40.

Hamas. 1987-. Militant terrorist movement for elimination of Israel and establishment of a Palestinian state. Denounced 1993 peace agreement. PLO.

Hamilton, Alexander. 1755-1804. US Federalist statesman. First Secretary of Treasury. Killed in duel by Burr.

Han Wu Ti. 156-87BC. Chinese Emperor 140-. Confucianism as state religion. Exam system for civil service used to 20C.

Harley, Robert. 1661-1724. British Tory Secretary of State 1704-8. Head of Tory ministry 1710-14.

Hawaii. c400 Polynesians. 1778 Cook discovers = Sandwich Is. 1795 UK. 1894 Republic. 1898 US. 1959 State.

Hellenic League. 338~322BC. Philip of Macedonia. All Greek city-states except Sparta.

Hiss, Alger. 1904-96. Alleged communist spy in US State Department. Jailed for perjury 1950-4.

Home Rule Bill. 1914 Separate Irish Parliament. 1920 Government of Ireland Act. Irish Free State.

Hull, Cordell. 1871-1955. US Secretary of State. UN founder. Trade agreements.

Hyde, Edward. 1609-74. English statesman, historian. Supported Charles II.

Iguala, Plan de. 1821. Stated 3 objectives of Mexican Independence movement. Ignored by issuer, Iturbide, when he became Emperor.

Ireland. 400BC-100 Celts. 432 Christianity. 8-14C Norse/British invade, settle. 1002 Brian Boru. 1573 English plantations. 1801 United Kingdom. 1921 Irish Free State/Northern Ireland.

Ireland, Republic. 1921 Dominion =Irish Free State. 1937 =Eire. 1949 Republic of Ireland. 1949 leaves Commonwealth.

Irish Free State. 1922-37. = Ireland, Republic of.

Irish Home Rule. 1880-1920. Movement for Irish independence from Britain. Home rule granted 1920...Irish Free State.

Irish Partition. 1921. Irish Free State established; 6 NE counties elect to stay British.

Irish War. 1919-21. IRA fights for indepence. Irish Free State.

Ito Hirobumi. 1841-1909. Westernizing Japanese statesman. First Parliament 1890.

Japan. 660BC Empire founded by legendary Jimmu. 5C AD First unified state. c552 Buddhism. 1192 First Shogun ruler. 1543 European contact (Portugal). 1639 Isolation. 1868 Meiji restoration. 1945-52 Allies occupy. 1947 Constitutional monarchy.

Jesuit Estates Act. 1888. Quebec awards restitution to Jesuits for British land appropriation 1773.

Jiménez, Francisco. 1436-1517. Spanish cardinal, statesman. Founded University of Alcalá.

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