Bessarabia. Disputed Black Sea region between Romania and Russia. 14C Moldavia. 15/16C Ottoman. 1812 Russia. 1918 Romania. 1940 MSSR. 1941 Romania. 1944 USSR. 1991 Moldova.

Bismarck, Otto von. 1815-98. Prince. Prussian Prime Minister 1862-90. Founded German Empire; First Chancellor 1871-90. Provoked Franco-Prussian War. Ems Dispatch. Schleswig.

Blues and Greens. 5-9C. Byzantine political factions. Nika Revolt.

Bocskay, István. 1557-1606. Hungarian rebel vs HRE Catholicism. Gained Transylvania from Rudolf II. Vienna Peace, 1606.

Bohemia. Celts. 5-6C Slavs. 9C Unified. 1061 HRE. 10C + Moravia + Silesia + Galicia. 1158 Kingdom. 1526 Hapsburg. 1918 Czechoslovakia. 1939-45 German. 1993 Czech Republic.

Borneo. 7C BC Indian influence. 3C BC-15C Chinese inf. 3C-15C Funan/Khmer, Malacca, Srivijaya, Majapahit. 15C Moslem. 16C- European inf. 19C Dutch(S)/Eng(N). WWII Japan occupies. Brunei. Malaysia. Indonesia.

Bosnia and Herzegovina. Balkans. 1180 Independent Kingdom. 1350 +Hum (Herzegovina). 1463 Ottoman. 1878 Austria-Hungary. 1797 France. 1805 Russia. 1918 Yugoslavia. 1946 Communist. 1992 Independent. 1993 Yugoslav Serbs invade. 1995 Dayton Accord.

British Empire. 1500-1997. Britain, its colonies and protectorates. Commonwealth.

British Empire, Order of. 1917. Honours service to government.

Brundisium, Treaty. 40BC. Antony rules east, Octavian rules west of Roman Empire.

Bulgaria. Balkans. 7C Bulgar Empire. 1018 Byzantine. 1185 2nd Bulgar Empire. 1396 Ottoman. 1878. Independent kingdom. 1946 People’s Republic. 1991Republic.

Bulgarian Horrors. 1876. Brutal Ottoman suppression of uprising. 15,000 killed in reprisals.

Busta Gallorum, Battle. 552. Narses defeats Goths. Italy comes under Byzantine Empire.

Byzantine Empire. 395-1453. Eastern Roman Empire. Reduced by: 634 Caliphate Empire, 1042 Seljuks, 1204 Crusaders’ Latin Empire, 1453 Ottoman Empire.

Cadiz. 1100BC Phoenicia...501BC Carthage. 206BC Rome. 409 Visigoth. 535 Byzantine. 711 Moors 1262 Castile.

Caesar. 208-68BC Roman family. 68BC-138 Title of Roman Emperor.

Caligula, Gaius. 12-41. Ruthless Roman Emperor.

Caliphate Empire. 632-1258. Moslem Empire founded by Muhammad. From Afghanistan to north Africa and Spain. Umayyad. Abbasid.

Cambrai League. 1508-10. Holy Roman Empire, Aragon, France, Rome vs Venice.

Candragupta. Founded Maurya dynasty; united most of India. Ruled c321-297BC.

Caracalla. 188-217. Brutal Roman Emperor 211-.

Carlowitz, Treaty. 1699. Ottoman/Holy League. Austria gains Transylvania, Hungary.

Carolingians. French dynasty 751-987. Merovingians. Charlemagne. Holy Roman Empire.

Carthage. 814BC Phoenician colony. Dido. 574BC Independence after Tyre falls. 480BC Republic. 264-146BC Punic Wars. Hannibal. 146BC Rome razes, rebuilds. 439 Vandals plunder. 533 Byzantine. 705 Moslem. Tunis.

Celestial Empire. Chinese Empire.

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