John. Lackland. 1167-1216. King of England 1199-. Lost Normandy. Forced to sign Magna Carta 1215. Excommunicated 1209. Lost Anjou.

John. The Fearless. 1371-1419. Duke of Burgundy 1404-. War vs Armagnacs.1407 conquered Paris, won crown. Assassinated by Armagnacs during negotiations.

John III. The Fortunate. 1502-57. King of Portugal 1521-. Instituted Inquisition.

Jordan. 13C BC Hebrew(W). 6C BC Nabataean(E). 4C Seleucid(N)/Ptolemy(S). 63BC Rome. 637 Moslem. 1918 British mandate, Hashimite kingdom. 1946 Independent Transjordan. 1949 = Jordan.

Joseph II. 1741-90. Holy Roman Emperor, 1765-. Enlightened despot. Edict of Tolerance. Dominated by mother, Maria Theresa -1780.

Jowett, Benjamin. 1817-93. English scholar. Translated Dialogues of Plato 1871.

Judicial. Branch of US government. Supreme and lower courts can invalidate Acts of Congress.

Julian the Apostate. 331-63. Roman Emperor 361-. Proclaimed religious toleration. Attempted to make Paganism the state religion.

July Revolution. 1830. France. Thiers. Charles X abdicates and flees to England. Louis-Philippe ascends. Caused by July Ordinances.

Jung, Karl. 1875-1961. Swiss psychiatrist. Synchronicity-theory that related events occur at the same time without connecting cause. Astrology. Psychology of the Unconscious 1912. Extrovert. Introvert. Collective Unconscious.

Junkers. Prussian landowner class. Dominated admin., military.

Kadet. 1905-17. Russian moderate party in Duma.

Kalinin, Mikhail. 1875-1946. Soviet Head of State, 1919-46.

Kalmar War. 1611-13. Denmark defeats Sweden, dominates Baltic.

Kamakura. 1192-1333. Japanese Shogunate dynasty. Zen. Introduced No Theater. Joei. Hojo. Daigo II.

Kamenev, Lev. 1883-1936. Russian Bolshevik leader in Triumvirate with Stalin, Zinoviev, 1922-. Executed in Purge.

Kansas. Kansa, Osage, Pawnee, Wichita. 1541 Coronado explores. 1803 US acquires in Louisiana Purchase. 1861 34th state.

Kapodistrias, Count. 1776-1831. Autocratic Greek president,1828-. Assassinated.

Keiti. Last Japanese Shogun. Abdicated, 1867 after humiliation by foreigners.

Kellerman, François. 1735-1820. French general. Defeated Prussia at Valmy, 1792, saving Revolutionary France.

Kellogg, Frank. 1856-1937. US Secretary of State 1925-9. Kellogg-Briand Pact.

Kennedy, John. 1917-63. US President 1961-. -“New Frontier”. Peace Corps. Apollo Program. Cuban Missile Crisis. Assassinated by Oswald. Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty.

Kennedy, Robert. 1925-68. US attorney-general 1961-4. Assassinated while running for presidential nomination.

Kennedy Round. Liberalized tarrifs negotiated by 50 countries, 1964-7.

Kent State Massacre. 1970. Ohio National Guardsmen kill 4 student anti-Vietnam War demonstrators.

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