Bernanos, Georges. 1888-1948. French Catholic polemic writer against materialism. Diary of a Country Priest 1937.

Bernard of Chartres. -c1130. French Neoplatonic Idealist philosopher. Real world of eternal ideas vs apparent world of material objects.

Bernardin de St. Pierre, Jacques. 1737-1814. French writer. Propagated JJ Rousseau’s back to nature philosophy. Paul et Virginie 1788.

Berzelius, Jacob. 1779-1848. Swedish chemist, created symbolic notation 1808. Atomic Weights, 1818. Silicon 1823.

Bethmann-Hollweg. 1856-1921. German Chancellor, 1909-17. Tried to mediate before WWI. Overthrown by Hindenburg and Ludendorf.

Beveridge Report. 1942. Advocated ‘cradle to grave’ social insurance in Britain.

Bevin, Ernest. 1881-1951. British labour leader, statesman. TUC. Initiated Colombo Plan.

Bhutan. Himalayan kingdom. 9C Tibet invaders settle. c1630 Independent. 17,18C Tibet invades. 1865 Part British 1907 Monarchy. 1910 British Protectorate. 1949 Indian Protectorate.

Bible. Hebrew and Christian sacred scriptures translated from Hebrew and Aramaic. 3C BC Greek translation. 1382 Wycliffe, Rogers, English. 1522-34 Luther, German. 1611 King James version. Vulgate by St. Jerome. Apocrypha.

Birdseye, Clarence. 1886-1956. US inventor of frozen foods. Founded General Foods, 1924. 300+ patents.

Black, Joseph. 1728-99. French/Scottish chemist. Latent heat 1757. CO2.

Black and Tans. 1920-22. Brutal British police sent to suppress Irish unrest. Irish Free State.

Black Hand. 1911-17. (Unity or Death) Serbian secret society assassinated Francis-Ferdinand 1914.

Black Hawk War. 1832. US decimates Sauk/Fox tribes. Illinois, Iowa Indians flee west.

Black War. 1804-30. Tasmanian natives defeated by European settlers.

Blackbeard (Edward Teach). -1718. English pirate in West Indies.

Bleeding Kansas. 1854-59. Antislavery vs Slavery advocates for control of Kansas. Wyandotte Constitution.

Blockade. Naval strategy preventing access to an enemy’s coast.

Blücher, Gebhardt von. 1742-1819. Prussian general at Waterloo.

Blue Stockings. 1750s French literary salon held by educated women.

Bodin, Jean. 1530-96. French political philosopher. Advocated democratic monarchy.

Boeotian League. 550-335BC. Federal government formed by Thebes. Opposed Sparta in Corinthian War. Defeated by Philip of Macedonia, 338. Destroyed by Alexander the Great, 335.

Bogomils. 9-15C. Slavic ascetic Christian cult. All matter created by the devil.

Bollandists. 1629-. Belgian Jesuits. Update Acta Santorium, (Lives of Roman Catholic saints).

Bonaparte, Louis. 1778-1846. King of Holland 1806-10. Forced to abdicate after opposing Continental System. Napoleon’s brother.

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