Nijinsky, Vaslaw. 1890-1950. Russian ballet dancer of Diaghilev Company.

Norman Conquest. 1066. Brought Norman laws, customs, feudal system to England. Hastings.

Nuremberg Laws. 1935. German Jews lose citizenship and rights.

Nyasaland. Malawi.

Ohm, Georg. 1787-1854. German physicist: Laws of electric current, 1826.

Oriental Canon Law. 880. Ecclesiastical laws of Eastern Christian churches.

Pale. Region of a country subject to separate laws or government. 1171-16C part of Ireland subject to English rule. Pale of Settlement 1792-1917, Jews in Russia.

Paris, Treaties. 1229 Ends Albigensian Crusade. Louis gains Toulouse. 1327. England loses territory to France. 1763 Ends Seven Years War. Britain gets French holdings in Canada. Spain gets American territory. 1783 Ends American Revolution. US borders fixed. 1814 Ends Napoleonic Wars, restoring 1792 borders. Napoleon exiled to Elba. 1815 Ends Hundred Days. 1790 borders, reparations. Napoleon to St. Helena. 1856 Ends Crimean War. Black Sea neutral. Regulated Laws of High Seas. 1898 Ends Spanish American War. Spain cedes Cuba, Philippines, Puerto Rico to US. 1947. Settled European borders after WWII.

Peel, Robert. 1788-1850. English Prime Minister 1834~46. London police force 1829. Income Tax 1842. Founded Conservative Party. Bank Charter Act. Repealed Corn Laws 1846.

Penal Laws. 16C-1829. English persecution of Catholics.

Pharisees. 2C BC-70. Jewish religious sect. Oral law and Torah, vs Sadducees (Torah only). Mishna.

Philip V. The Tall. 1293-1322. French king 1316-. Succeeded over Joan by Salic Law.

Platt Amendment. 1901. US law/agreement governing relations with Cuba. Cuba broke agreement 1934.

Poor Law Commission. 1842. Chadwick recommends municipal clean water supply and sewage systems to prevent disease.

Poor Laws. 1597, 1601, 1834. British parishes to aid poor, establish workhouses, abolish slavery. Replaced 1930-50.

Positivism. Knowledge based on senses alone. Personal knowledge. Natural laws lead to social engineering to secure a happy society. Comte. Mill. Spencer. Logical Positivism.

Potsdam Agreement. 1945. Truman, Stalin, Attlee agree to draw up peace treaties, reduce German industrialization, restore democracy in Europe after WWII. Outlawed Nazism. Divided Germany.

Poynings Laws. 1494. Irish Parliament Acts put English Laws in effect.

Prairial, Law of 22. 1794. France allowed only acquital or death penalty in trials. Terror.

Pravda. 1021. Russian law code.

Preemption Act. 1841-91. US law allowed squatters on government land to buy 160 acres. Homestead.

Pufendorf, Samuel von. 1632-94. German historian/jurist. Universal natural laws.

Quantrill, William. 1837-65. Confederate guerilla leader of 1863 massacre at Lawrence, Kansas.

Quesnay, François. 1694-1774. French economist, Physiocrat. “Laissez-faire” is a natural divinely appointed law. Tableau Économique 1758 -systematic study of political economy. Can maximize social satisfaction under free competition.

Reforma. 1854-76. Mexican civil war. Ouster of Santa Anna. Reduced power of army, church. Tejada Law. Juárez.

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