Akkad. Ancient region in modern Iraq, north of Sumer. c24C BC; center of Sargon’s Semitic Empire.

Albion. Ancient Greek, Roman name for Great Britain, probably from Gaelic.

Alexandria. Founded 332BC by Alexander the Great. Centre of Hellenistic culture. Lighthouse one of Seven Wonders. 284BC Great Library of 700,000+ volumes. Fires 47BC, 391.

Ancien Régime. Pre-Revolutionary French socio- political order.

Aramaeans. Ancient Semitic people of Mesopotamia, Syria. Language widespread 10C-5C BC. Alphabet 720 BC.

Arcadia. Ancient Greek region of Peloponnesus. Megalopolis.

Archons. Ancient Greek chief magistrates.

Artesian Well. Ancient Egypt, China, Persia, Syria.

Attica. Region around Athens in ancient Greece.

Babylon, Hanging Gardens. 6C BC. One of Seven Wonders of the World.

Biruni, al-. 973-1048. Arab scholar. Chronology of Ancient Nations.

Breasted, James. 1865-1935. US Egyptologist. Ancient Records 1906.

Capua. (Ancient) c600BC Etruria. c440BC Samnites. 338BC Rome. 216BC Hannibal. 211BC Rome. 456 Vandals. c840 Saracens destroy. Rebuilt as Sta Maria Capua Vetere.

Coleridge, Samuel. 1772-1834. English Romantic poet: Ancient Mariner 1798, Kubla Khan.

Colossus of Rhodes. 280-224BC. 30m bronze statue of Helios. Collapsed during earthquake. A 7 Wonder.

Cush. Ancient kingdom in Sudan = Nubia = ancient Ethiopia.

Dacia. Ancient name for Romania.

Disciples of Christ. c1810-. US Protestant organization urging ancient order of Christianity.

Ephesus. Major Greek, Roman city now in Turkey. 133 Bequeathed to Rome by Attale. 263 Goths sacked Temple of Artemis, 7 wonder.

Epidaurus. Ancient Greek healing center.

Galilee. N Israel. (Ancient N Palestine). Jesus’ homeland. Absorbed in Arab-Israeli War, 1949.

Ghana, Ancient. Trading empire c300-1200. ≈southeast Mauritania + west Mali.

Leakey, Louis. 1903-72. British anthropological archeologist. With wife Mary, discovered homo habilis and other ancient humanoid fossils.

Magna Carta. 1215. British charter of rights, confirming ancient liberties, forced on King John at Runnymede. Habeas Corpus.

Mali. Ancient Ghana. c1200 Mali Empire includes Senegal, Niger. 1460 Songhai Empire. c1600 Divided. c1880 =French Sudan. 1959 +Senegal +Sudanese Republic =Mali Federation. 1960 Independent -Senegal =Mali Republic.

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