Sobrero, Ascanio. 1812-88. Italian. Nitroglycerine 1846.

Soccer War. 1969. Honduras vs El Salvador. Triggered by football game and economic conditions.

Social Contract. Hobbes political philosophy. Compact between ruler and ruled. Locke.

Social Credit Party. Canada. Aberhart. Douglas. 1935- Alberta, BC, federal parties. Social Credit.

Social Darwinism. 19C theory that social man is subject to the “survival of the fittest”.

Social Democratic Party. 1863. Oldest German political party. Marxist to 1959. Now less radical.

Social Security. First in Germany: 1883-89. UK 1911; Canada 1927; US 1935-66. Poor Laws. National Insurance.

Social War. 90-89BC. Tribal rebellion. Rome grants citizenship to all allies.

Socialism, Utopian. Saint-Simon’s concept of government redistributing wealth according to capacity and performance.

Socialist Party. 1892 Italy; 1905 France; 1932 Japan. 1932 Canada.

Socialist Party. 1901-30. US party advocating socialism based on earlier Social Democratic and Social Labor (1876) Parties. Ideas applied to New Deal.

Socinianism. 1550-19C Unitarian-like religious sect. Christ divine by function, not nature. 1658 Poland.

Socinus, Laelius. 1525-62. Italian founder of Socinianism.

Socrates. c470-399BC. Greek philosopher. Knowledge is the key to influencing destiny. Ignorance leaves one subject to fate. Socratic method of teaching by dialog. Dialectic. Condemned for impiety and corrupting the young - drank hemlock. “Know thyself”.

Sol. Ancient Italian sun god.

Solemn League and Covenant. National Covenant.

Solferino, Battle. 1859. Victor-Emmanuel gains Lombardy during Risorgimento. Carnage leads to Red Cross.

Solon. 630-560BC. Athenian democratic lawgiver, poet. Equality of all citizens before the law. Trial by jury. -“Call no man happy until he is dead.”

Solvay, Ernst. 1838-1922. Belgian chemist and philanthropist.

Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr. 1918-2008. Russian novelist. Expelled 1974. Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich 1962. Gulag Archipelago 1973.

Somalia. 1960 Independent union of British Somaliland + Italian Somaliland.

Somerset. 2nd duke. c1406-1455. English general. Lost English territory in France. Quarrel with Duke of York led to War of Roses.

Somme, Battle of the. WWI. 1916. Allied victory with 1M casualties, minor gain. First use of tank. 1918. German victory.

Somoza, Anastasio. 1896-1956. Nicaraguan president. 1936~. Sons ruled to 1979.

Sonderbund. 1845-7. League of Catholic Swiss cantons defeated in civil war.

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