Republic, Second Spanish. 1931-9. President Zamora, Azaña. Spanish Civil War.

Republican Party. 1792 Jefferson’s agrarian party. 1820 Whigs. 1854. Anti-slavery party. Lincoln. = Grand Old Party. vs Democratic Party.

Republican People’s Party. Turkey 1923-50. Founded by Ataturk.

Resistance. WWII underground paramilitary groups in German-occupied countries, notably France. Partisans. Maquis.

Respighi, Ottorino. 1879-1936. Italian composer. The Pines of Rome 1924. Used recorded sound as part of composition.

Restitution, Edict. 1629. HRE restores lands to Roman Catholic Church taken by Protestants since 1552.

Restoration Period. England 1660-88. Charles II, James II. France 1814~30. Louis XVIII, Charles X.

Resurrection. Key Christian belief that Jesus rose from dead.

Resurrectionists. 1826-30. Provided bodies for anatomists by grave-robbing or murder. Scotland.

Retz, Cardinal de. 1613-79. French politician, writer, Fronde leader.

Retz, Gilles de. 1404-40. French Marshal. Joan of Arc companion. Tortured, killed 140 children. Model for Bluebeard.

Reuchlin, Johannes. 1455-1522. German. Christian. Created Hebrew grammar.

Reuter, Paul. 1816-99. German telegraphic press pioneer, 1851. Pigeon post 1850.

Revere, Paul. 1735-1818. Silversmith. American Revolution hero. 1775 Midnight ride warned militia of British troops marching on Concord.

Revivalism. 18,19C. Revival of prior periods of English architecture. Neo-Greek, Neo-Renaissance, Neo-Gothic. British Museum.

Revolutionary War. American Revolution.

Revolutions of 1848. Vienna, Prague, Venice. Romanticism, economic problems, bad harvest, unrest within Austrian Empire led to concessions, abdication of Emperor Ferdinand I.

Rhaetia. Roman alpine province conquered 15BC.

Rhee, Syngman. 1875-1965. First South Korean president 1948-60. Campaigned for Independence from Japan.

Rhine, Confederation of. 1806-13. Bavaria and German states with constitution in French model.

Rhineland. German Rhine bank. Hitler defied Treaty of Versailles by militarizing area 1936.

Rhodes. <1000BC Minoan. Dorian. 5C BC Delian League. 43BC Rome alliance. 653 Saracen. 1309 Knights of St John. 1522 Turks. 1912 Italy. 1947 Greece. c1C BC School of rhetoric.

Rhodesia, Northern. = Zambia.

Rhodesia and Nyasaland, Federation. 1953-63. Opposed by Malawi, Zambia regions. Dissolved.

Rhuddlan, Statute. 1284. English rule Wales.

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