Lafayette. 1757-1834. French revolutionary general and political leader in American Revolution, 1776, French Revolutions, 1789, 1830.

Lee, Robert E. 1807-70. Brilliant Confederate general. Captured John Brown. Surrender at Appomatox ended Civil War.

Lexington and Concord, Battle. 1775. First American Revolution battle. British march on Concord supply depot. Established guerilla warfare as colonist strategy. 273 British, 95 Americans killed. Paul Revere.

Lincoln, Abraham. 1809-65. US Republican president 1861-. Civil War. Gettysburg. Emancipation Proclamation. Assassinated. Booth.

Locke, John. 1632-1704. English philosopher. Empiricism-all knowledge is derived from experience: On Civil Government 1689. Essay Concerning Human Understanding 1690. ‘Sound mind in a sound body’. Evil brings pain, Good brings pleasure. Advocated separation of legislature from executive, as applied in Britain and US. Natural rights (property, pursuit of happiness, religion) influenced US Constitution, led to Enlightenment. Philosophical basis of French and American Revolutions. Epistemological foundations of modern Science.

Maine. 1898. US battleship destroyed at Havana. Excuse for Spanish American War.

María Cristina II. 1858-1929. Spanish queen consort. As regent, 1885-1902, lost Spanish American War.

Massasoit. c1580-1661. American Indian chief, friend of Massachussets colonists.

Mather. 17-18C. Family of influential American Puritan ministers.

McKinley, William. 1843-1901. US President 1897-. Spanish American War. Gained Hawaii. Assassinated by anarchist.

Mencken, H.L. 1880-1956. US iconoclast critic. American Language. Prejudices 1919-27.

Minutemen. American Revolution soldiers pledged to take the field on a minute’s notice.

Mohicans. -17C. North American Indian tribe dispersed by war.

Montgomery, Richard. 1738-75. Irish/US Revolutionary general. Killed attacking Quebec.

Myrdal, Gunnar. 1898-1987. Swedish economist/sociologist on racism. American Dilemma 1944.

NAFTA. North American Free Trade Agreement. 1992. Eliminated most tarrifs in North America.

Narragansett. North American Indians fought with colonists in Pequot War.

Navaho. SW US. Largest Native American tribe. Migrated c10C from Canada. Supressed by Kit Carson; 8000 incarcerated 1864-8.

North, Frederick. 1732-92. English Prime Minister during American Revolution.

OAS. Organization of American States. 1948. Western Hemisphere organization for peace, security, and economic cooperation. Cuba expelled 1962.

OCAS. Organization of Central American States. 1951-. For regional and economic unity. CACM.

Ojibwa. (Chippewa). North American Indians near Great Lakes. Supported French vs British in 7 Years War, British vs Americans in Revolution.

Olive Branch Petition. 1775. Moderate Americans attempt to avoid war. Ignored by George III.

Oriskany, Battle. 1777. British ambush Americans.

Pan-American Conferences. 1826- US, South American states. Pan-American Union, OAS.

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