Salomon, Haym. 1740-85. Main financial backer of American Revolution.

Samoa. Melanesians. 1722 Dutch explore. 1830 British settle. 1856 German trade. 1899 Germany(W)/ USA(E) becomes Western Samoa, American Samoa.

San Martin, José de. 1778-1850. South American independence leader with Bolivar vs Spain in Argentina, Chile, Peru.

Santiago, Battle. 1898. Final Cuban victory over Spain, Spanish American War.

Sapir, Edward. 1884-1939. Polish/US linguist. Studied North American Indian languages.

Saratoga, Battle. 1777. American victory, turning point in American Revolution.

Schlesinger, Arthur. 1888-1965. US historian. History of American Life 1928-43.

Shamanism. Ancestral religion in Asia, N America. Shamans heal sick, talk to gods.

Shawnee. American Indians from Ohio defeated at Tippecanoe. Resettled in Oklahoma.

Shenandoah. Site of American Civil War battles 1861-5.

Shepard, Alan. 1923-98. First American in space 1961.

Sherman, William. 1820-91. American Civil War general. -“War is hell”.

Shiloh, Battle. 1862. Second American Civil War battle. No clear victor.

Shot Heard Around the World. 1775. Battle of Lexington and Concord beginning American Revolution.

Simpson, Wallis. 1896-1986. American divorcée for whom Edward VIII abdicated.

Sioux. Popular name for Dakota Confederation of American Indian tribes. Little Bighorn. Wounded Knee.

Slater, Samuel. 1768-1835. English/US. First American textile factory. Duplicated Arkwright spinning machines 1793.

Slavery. Babylon. Egypt. Greece. Rome. European colonies 1440s-19C. 1502 First blacks shipped to America. 1562- Trade. 1807 abolished in Britain, 1833 throughout Empire. 1816 Morocco abolished Christian slaves. 1851 Colombia, 1861 USA, 1930 Liberia. 2001 27M slaves in Mauritania, Sudan, Asia, Brazil.

Spain. c3000BC Iberians. c11C BC Phoenicians. c10C Celts. 6C Basques. c5C Carthage. 3C BC Rome. 5C Vandals, Visigoths. 711 Moslems. 801 Charlemagne. 10C independent kingdoms of Castile, León, Aragon, Navarre. 1031-1492 Reconquista. 1143 Portugal independent. 1479 Aragon, Castile unite. 1492 Moors final defeat. 1512 + Navarre =Spain. 1808 Napoleon. 1898 -Philippines, Cuba, Puerto Rico. Spanish American War. 1931 Republic. 1936 Civil War. 1939 Franco. 1975 Parliamentary Monarchy. ETA. New Spain.

Spanish American War. 1898. US supports Cuban rebellion vs Spain. Gains Cuba, Guam, Philippines for $20M, Puerto Rico. Roosevelt. Maine.

Spanish Main. 16C. Buccaneer haven. North coast of South America.

Squanto. -1622. American Indian friend of Plymouth Pilgrims.

Stamp Act. 1765. British tax on newspapers and legal documents. A cause of American Revolution. Stamp Act Congress.

Stamp Act Congress. 1765. Issued Declaration of Rights and Grievances vs “taxation without representation”. American Revolution.

Steuben, Baron von. 1730-94. Prussian general. Trained, organized American Revolution army 1778-.

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