Odeon. Athenian place of music and poetry competition. Parisian theater 1728.

Odoacer. c435-93. German who deposed Romulus Augustus 476. Assassinated by Theodoric.

Oecolampadius, Johannes. 1482-1531. German Reformation theologian. Drafted Confession of Basel 1531.

Oedipus. Solved the riddle of the sphynx. Killed his father and married his mother.

Oisin. (Ossian). 3C. Gaelic warrior bard. Legends of his father Finn MacCool.

Olaf V. 1903-91 King of Norway 1957-. Commanded army vs Germany in 1944, then fled to England.

Oliva, Peace. 1660. Ended First Northern War.

Olympias. c175-316BC. Wife of Philip of Macedonia. Mother of Alexander the Great.

Omar Khayyam. c1027-1123. Persian mathematician/ poet: Rubaiyat. Specific gravity of gold 1061.

Ontological Argument. God exists as the most perfect human conception.

Orange, House of. French dynasty influential in Netherlands. William I. William III.

Orestes. Electra’s brother. Killed mother and her lover to avenge death of his father, Agamemnon.

Orléans, Louis, duc d’. 1372-1407. Began Armagnac/Burgundy conflict. Assassinated by supporters of John the Fearless.

Orléans, Louis Philippe, duc d’. 1747-93. Became Citizen Égalité 1892. Joined Third Estate. Father of King Louis-Philippe.

Orlov, Grigory, Count. 1734-83. Russian lover of Catherine II; led coup vs Peter III. Advocated liberating Christians from Ottoman rule.

Ortega y Gasset, José. 1883-1955. Spanish philosopher: Terra de Nuestra Tiempo 1923. Revolt of the Masses 1929.

Ostracism. Athenian 10 year exile for disrupting stability.

Otto I. The Great. 912-73. King of Germany, 936-. Founded Holy Roman Empire, 962. Deposed Pope John XII.

Ottoman Empire. 1300-1922. Turkish empire in Balkans, Near East, N Africa. Conquered Byzantine Empire. 1402 Destroyed by Tamerlane. 1413 Rebuilt by Mehmed. 1453 Conquered Constantinople. Eastern Question. Mehmed II. Süleiman the Magnificent. Turkey.

Pacification of Ghent. 1576. Catholic, Protestant truce in Netherlands to revolt vs Spanish occupiers.

Paean. Greek physician to the gods.

Painlevé, Paul. 1863-1933. French mathematician. Prime Minister 1917,25.

Paix des Dames. Cambrai Treaty. 1529. Francis I’s mother and Charles V’s aunt negotiate halt to Italian Wars.

Pakistan. 25C BC Indus civilization. 15C BC Aryan. 6C Achaemenid. 326 Alexander. 4C BC Maurya Empire. c50 AD Kushan. 4C Gupta. 5C Hun. 8C Moslem. 11C Turks. 1206 Delhi Sultanate. 1526 Mogul. 1780 Sikh. 1840 British India. 1947 Independent. 1956 Islamic Republic. 1971 -Bangladesh.

Panthéon. 1758-89. Paris. Soufflot. Ordered by Louis XV after recovering from illness.

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