Trent, Council of. 1545-63. Compiled Missal used by Roman Catholic Church until 1969. Prohibited sale of indulgences. Signals counter-reformation. Luther.

Trinity. Christian doctrine that God has single essence in 3 divine persons: Father, Son, Holy Spirit.

Triple Alliance. 1668 England, United Provinces, Sweden vs France to protect Spanish Netherlands. 1717 France, England, Dutch Republic vs Spain...Quadruple Alliance. 1788-90 British, Dutch Republic, Prussia vs spread of Russo-Swedish War. 1795. England, Austria, Russia vs threat of French Revolution.1882-1914. Germany, Austria, Italy vs Triple Entente.

Tripolitan War. 1801-5. US vs Barbary pirates who demanded tribute to the Pasha of Tripoli.

Triptolemus. Greek hero, inventor of the plough.

Trotskyists. 1965-75. Revolutionary radical-left syndicalist movements propounding Trotsky’s theory of permanent revolution.

Tudor, Owen. 1400-61. Welsh. Married Henry V’s widow, Catherine of Valois. Founded Tudor dynasty.

Tuileries Palace. 1563. Architect:Delorme. Commissioned by Catherine de Medici. Stormed 1792. Burned, 1871 by Communards.

Turgenev, Ivan. 1818-83. Russian writer. Fathers and Sons 1862.

Turing, Alan. 1912-54. English mathematician, logician. Early computer theorist. Morphogenesis. Collosus. Bletchley Park.

Two-Power Standard. 1889. Hamilton declares that British fleet should be at least equal to naval strength of any 2 other countries. Abandoned 1912 by Churchill.

Tyndall, John. 1820-93. Irish physicist. Tyndall Effect - why the sky is blue.

Tyrrell, George. 1861-1909. British Jesuit Modernist. Applied historical methods to theology. Excommunicated.

Ulster. 5C Independent kingdom. 1171 De Courci conquers for England. 1594-1601 Failed rebellion. 1610 Presbyterian Scots settle. 1920 Northern Ireland.

Ulster Peace Movement. 1976-. Protestant and Catholic women attempt to end Northern Ireland violence.

Underground Railroad. 1838-65. Northerners help US slaves escape to Canada, defying Fugitive Slave Acts.

Union. The North. States which did not secede during the American Civil War. Confederacy.

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. USSR. 1917 Communist revolution, Civil War. 1923 Union of states. 1939 +Galicia. 1940 +Baltic States, Bessarabia, Karelia. 1945 +Ruthenia. Recognized: 1923 US, 1924 Britain, 1940 Yugoslavia. 1991 Dissolved. Russia.

United Kingdom. 1801 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. 1921 -Irish Free State =UK of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

United Provinces. 1581-1795. Dutch unite vs Spain. Netherlands.

United States of America. USA. 40,000-20,000BC Asians settle. 1492-1776 Spain, Portugal, France, Netherlands, Britain colonize. 1776 American Revolution. 1783 Thirteen Colonies independent. Manifest Destiny. 1845 +Texas. 1848 +California. 1867 +Alaska. 1898 +Hawaii, Puerto Rico.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights. 1948. United Nations list of rights to be accorded people by their governments. Rejected by USSR, China, Poland, Yugoslavia, Ukraine, South Africa, Saudi Arabia, many Moslem countries. Signed by Russia, 1996.

Updike, John. 1932-2009. US writer. Rabbit Run 1960. The Centaur 1963.

Uranus. Early Greek personification of the heavens. Father of Titans.

Ursulines. 1535. Roman Catholic order founded by Angela Merci for the education of women.

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