Trade Disputes Act. 1906. British unions immune from suits against members’ activities.

White Terror. 1815. Against Jacobins and Bonapartists.

William I. The Silent. 1533-84. Prince of Orange. Dutch leader of Protestant revolt against Philip II of Spain. Founded dynasty to today. Netherlands.

Xanthos, Sieges. Lycians defend against: 546BC Persians. 43BC Romans. Residents commit mass suicide both times. Asia Minor.

Yamagata Aritomo. 1838-1922. Japanese statesman. Modernized army.

Amanollah Khan. 1892-1960. Amir of Afghanistan 1919-29. Won independence from Britain, 1919.

Bactria. c1500BC Aryan. 545BC Persia. 328BC Alexander. 256BC-140 Graeco-Bactria. Badakhshan. 7C Moslem. 1220 Genghis Khan. Now Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan.

Black Hand. 19-20C. Sicilian criminal secret society.

Black Hand. 1911-17. (Unity or Death) Serbian secret society assassinated Francis-Ferdinand 1914.

Bosnian Crisis. 1908-9. Russia sides with Serbian rebels after Austria-Hungary annexation. Black Hand.

Coleridge, Samuel. 1772-1834. English Romantic poet: Ancient Mariner 1798, Kubla Khan.

Genghis Khan. c1160-1227. Founder of the Mongol Empire. Black Sea to Pacific.

Il-Khan. 1256-1353. Mongol dynasty in Persia.

Karakhan Manifesto. 1919. USSR renounces Czarist rights in China. Spurs Chinese Communist Party.

Kublai Khan. 1215-94. First Mongol Emperor. Conquered China. Established Yüan dynasty.

Mongol Empire. Asia. Established 1207 by Genghis Khan. Peak included Persia, China, Russia. 1260- Fragmented. Yuan. Golden Horde. Tamerlane.

Plekhanov, Georgi. 1857-1918. Russian revolutionary tried to reconcile Bolsheviks, Mensheviks.

Siberia. 13C Mongol(S)...Golden Horde(W)/ Yüan(E). 1483 Russia explores. 1581 Khanate overthrown. 1689 Russo-Chinese border settled. 1891-1905 Trans-Siberian Railway.

Stakhanovism. 1935. Soviet movement to increase workers’ output. Rewards for exceeding quota.

Xanadu. (To-lun). 1256. Mongol Kublai Khan’s summer capital.

Yüan. 1279-1368. Chinese Mongol dynasty founded by Kublai Khan. Grand Canal. Postal system. Marco Polo.