National Geographic Society. 1888. World’s largest scientific and educational society.

National Guard. 1789-1870 France. 1880s US.

National Health Service. 1948-. British system of socialized medicine.

National Insurance. 1911 Britain. Unemployment, health insurance. Social Security.

National Liberation Front. 1960- Vietcong organization for unification of Vietnam. 1969 Provisonal government. 1975 Conquered South Vietnam. 1976 Joined National United Front.

National Party. 1931-45. English political party.

National Party. 1936-. New Zealand conservative anti-Labour party.

National Recovery Organization. 1933. US. For business recovery during Great Depression.

National Republican Party. 1825-36. US Adams supporters. Merged into Whigs.

National Security Act. 1947. Formed US National Security Council, CIA.

National Socialism. Nazism. 1919-45. German master-race nationalist Fascist movement. Anti- semitic. Individual surrenders to State will. Hitler. Drexler.

National Trust. 1895. Non-profit organization to preserve British heritage buildings and lands.

Nationalism. 17-20C. Sociopolitical movement stressing individual’s loyalty to his state. 19C Led to Imperialism. 20C Fascism and Nazism.

Nationalism. Musical movement to reflect national or ethnic spirit. Especially 16C and 19C. Grieg. Sibelius.

Nationalization. Siezing of private enterprises by government with or without compensation. 1946-9 England: Banks, Railways, Mines, Steel, Electricity, Gas. 1946-9 France: Coal, Electricity, Gas, Transport. 1918 Russia: Banks, Insurance, Industry. 1951 Iran: Oil.

Nazism. National Socialism.

Nicholas I. 1796-1855. Czar 1825-. Autocratic. Russification of Finland, Poland, Ukraine, Baltic. Established Third Section. Policy of autocracy, orthodoxy, Nationalism.

Night of the Long Knives. 1934. Hitler’s SS murder 77+ Nazi opponents and others.

Nkomo, Joshua. 1917-99. Zimbabwe nationalist. Founded ZAPU.

Nuremberg Rallies. 1933-8. Annual Nazi festivals followed by Hitler policy speech.

Nuremberg Trials. 1945-6. Trials of 22 Nazi leaders for crimes in WWII. 12 death sentences.

Olaf II. c995-1030. 1015-28. Converted Norway. Patron Saint. First National legislation.

OPEC. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. 1961- International cartel sets prices by controlling supply. Created oil shortage 1973.

Outer Space Treaty. 1967. International cooperation in space. Controlled military uses. 70+ signatories.

Pan-Germanism. 1894-1945. German nationalist movement. Nazism.

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