Guimard, Hector. 1867-1942. French Art Nouveau architect, decorator. Paris Métro entrances.

Haymarket Riot. 1886. Anarchist bomb kills 7 police at Chicago labour demonstration.

Hellenic Art. 1500-300BC. Prehistoric, Archaic, and Classical periods in Greece.

Heptarchy. 5-9C. Seven kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England: Kent, Essex, Sussex, Wessex, Mercia, E. Anglia, Northumbria. Frequent wars.

Hildebrandt, Johann von. 1668-1745. Austrian Baroque architect. Belvedere Palace 1700.

Hipparchus. c190-120BC. First star catalogue. Epicyclic planetary motion around earth. Astrolabe 130.

Hippodamus. 5C BC. Greek architect. City of Rhodes.

Hoban, James. 1762-1831. US architect. White House 1792.

Holy Alliance. 1815. Russia, Prussia, Austria ally to preserve Christian principles, peace and monarchies. All European rulers but 3 joined.

Humanism. 14C-. Philosophy. Mankind at the center of consciousness. Mankind can live ethically without recourse to the supernatural. Belief in personal worth of individual. Rational, creative. Petrarch.

Hundred Days. 1815. March 20 to July 8; Napoleon’s escape from Elba to his second abdication. 1933. Began Roosevelt’s administration. New Deal enacted.

Hungary. Celts, Ilyrians. Pannonia. 14BC Rome. Germans, Asians. c600 Avars. c800 Franks. 892-1301 Arpad-Magyars. 1001 Christian monarch. 1241 Mongols invade. 1526 Turks invade. 1664 Ottoman 1699 Hapsburg. 1848-9 Republic. 1866 Dual Monarchy. 1918 Republic. 1949 People’s Republic. 1990 Democratic.

Ictinus. 5C BC. Greek artist/architect. Parthenon.

Ides of March. (March 15th). Day on which Caesar was assassinated.

Imhotep. 27C BC. Egyptian vizier, architect of First (stepped) pyramid.

International. 1920-. Style of architecture. Glass and steel. Gropius. Le Corbusier.

Invalides. 1670-7. Louis XIV built to house 4,000 invalid soldiers. Architect: Bruant, dome by Mansart. Tomb of Napoleon.

Ionic Order. 6C BC. Greek architectural style. Fluted columns with scroll-shaped capital.

Isaac. Old Testament Patriarch. Abraham’s son from whom all Jews descend. Spared from sacrifice.

Jacob. Old Testament. 3rd patriarch of 12 tribes of Israel. Grandson of Abraham. Son of Isaac. God changed name to Israel.

Jacobean Architecture. 1600-1625. English Tudor style refined, restrained and harmonized. U and H plans. Jones.

Japan. 660BC Empire founded by legendary Jimmu. 5C AD First unified state. c552 Buddhism. 1192 First Shogun ruler. 1543 European contact (Portugal). 1639 Isolation. 1868 Meiji restoration. 1945-52 Allies occupy. 1947 Constitutional monarchy.

Jibril. Islamic archangel. God’s messenger to Muhammad. = Gabriel.

Jones, Inigo. 1573-1652. English architect who introduced Palladian style. Greenwich House 1616. Whitehall Banquet Hall 1619.

July Monarchy. Rule of Louis-Philippe.

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