Guernica. Spanish Basque capital bombed by Germans for Franco, 1937. Euzkadi. Picasso. Spanish Civil War.

Gypsies. 16C-. Nomadic peoples with Romany language. Probable Indian origin.

Harald III. Norwegian king 1047-66. Killed invading England.

Harris, Lawren. 1885-1970. Canadian landscape, abstract painter. Group of Seven. Lake and Mountains 1928.

Hearn, Lafcadio. 1850-1904. Translator; brought Japanese culture to West.

Herzberg, Gerhard. 1904-99. Canadian physicist. Electronic structure of molecules.

Hexapolis. 700BC. 6 city trading league. Rhodes.

Hudson’s Bay Company. 1670-. England. Explored Canada. Sought NW passage. Trading posts. Fur trade. Monopoly 1821-58. Seven Oaks Massacre.

Huns. Nomadic peoples of Central Asia who invaded Europe in 4-5C. Attila. Defeated at Châlons-sur-Marne, 451.

Iberville, Pierre d’. 1661-1706. French-Canadian explorer to Louisiana.

Iceni. PreRoman British peoples in East Anglia. 60 Boadicia revolted vs Rome.

Index Librorum Prohibitorium. 1564-1966. Vatican list of prohibited reading.

Industrial Workers of the World. IWW. 1905-25. Radical militant US labour union of unskilled workers.

Islam. =Muhammadism. 7C-. Monotheistic religion based on Koran. 1/6 of world’s population, especially north Africa, Middle East, SW Asia. Sunni. Shi’ite. Caliphate Empire.

Jackson, A.Y. 1882-1974. Canadian landscape painter. Led Group of Seven.

Jacobins. 1789-94. Robespierre-led radical democratic French Revolutionary group. In power 1793-4. -“Holy League against the enemies of liberty”.

James, William. 1842-1910. US Pragmatic philosopher. Radical Empiricism. Principles of Psychology 1890. Will to Believe 1897.

Jennings, Jane. Canadian author. Pocket Guide to World History 1986-2009.

Jerusalem. 3500BC settled. c1000BC David conquers for Israel. 721BC Assyrians conquer. Lost Tribes. 586BC Nebuchadnezzar. 539BC Cyrus. 332BC Alexander...320BC Ptolemy I Soter. 197BC Seleucid. 167BC Hasmonaean. 63BC Rome. 324 Byzantine. 614 Persia. 637 Moslem. 1099 Crusades. Latin Kingdom. 1187 Saladin. 1260 Mameluk. 1517 Ottoman. 1917 British Mandate. 1949 Israel/Jordan. 1967 Israel re-unites. 1996 Israel/Palestinian Authority.

Johnson, Pauline. 1861-1913. Canadian Nationalist métis poet. The song my paddle sings.

Joliot-Curie, Frédéric. 1900-58, and Irène. 1897-1956. Discovered Uranium fission 1934. Artificial radioactive substances.

Jones, Inigo. 1573-1652. English architect who introduced Palladian style. Greenwich House 1616. Whitehall Banquet Hall 1619.

Kahlo, Frida. 1907-54. Mexican painter in brilliant colors. Self portraits. Rivera.

Kalmyks. Nomadic Mongolian peoples. 17C Settled Lower Volga. 1771 Forced back at great loss of life. 1945 Exiled to Siberia. 1957 Restored.

Karsh, Yousuf. 1908-. US/Canadian portrait photographer of international celebrities. Churchill 1941.

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