Parker, Matthew “Nosey”. 1504-75. Archbishop of Canterbury 1559-. 39 Articles.

Parks, Rosa. 1913-. US ‘mother’ of Civil Rights Movement. Arrested, 1955, for not relinquishing her seat to a white man. King.

Parmenides. 5C BC. Eleatic philosopher. Everything is an illusion. Mind creates the illusion of matter and motion. All is appearance of singular eternal reality.

Parnassians. 1867-99. French detached anti-Romantic poetry school. Leconte de Lisle. Sully-Prudhomme. Verlaine. Gautier. Baudelaire.

Páros. Greek island source of white marble. Parthenon.

Parr, Catherine. 1512-48. Sixth and last wife of Henry VIII.

Parthenon. 447-431BC. Marble Doric temple of Athena built by Phidias and Ictinus under Pericles on Athens Acropolis. Damaged by Venetians attacking Turks 1687.

Parthenopean Republic. 1799 Created by Napoleon at Naples. 1802 Nelson restores Bourbons 1806.

Pascal, Blaise. 1623-62. French mathematician, Jansenist philosopher, physician. Calculator 1642.Barometer 1646. Syringe 1648. Hydraulics. Probability 1654. Pensées 1670.

Pasiphaë. Greek wife of Minos, mother of Ariadne and Minotaur.

Patay, Battle. 1429. French rout British. Charles VII crowned. Orléans. Joan of Arc.

Pater, Walter. 1839-94. English critic devoted to ideal. Studies in History of Renaissance. Marcus the Epicurean.

Pathé, Charles. 1863-1957. French film maker. First Newsreels 1909. Les Misérables 1909. Perils of Pauline 1914.

Pathet Lao. 1950-91. Laotian communists vs French rule in Indochina.

Paton, Alan. 1903-88. South African writer. Cry the Beloved Country 1948.

Patriarch. Christian bishops with jurisdiction over other bishops. 325 Rome. 692 Antioch. Alexandria, Constantinople, Jerusalem. 1598 Moscow.

Pavia, Battle. 476. Odoacer defeats Romans, ending Western Roman Empire.

Peasants’ Crusade. 1096. Led by Walter the Penniless. Annihilated in Anatolia. Inspired First Crusade.

Peisistratus. -527BC. Athenian Tyrant 560BC~. Attacked Ionia. Supported external trade, arts.

Pelagius. c354-c425. Welsh monk. Held heretical view that God rewards the virtuous. Free will, no original sin vs Determinism. Pelagians.

Peleus. Mythical Greek king of Myrmidons. Achilles’ father.

Pelopidas. -364BC. Theban general. Defeated Sparta.

Peloponnesian War. 460-445BC. Athens vs Peloponnesian League.

Peloponnesian War, Second. 431-404BC. Sparta defeats Athens, beginning Greek decline.

Pepin the Short. c714-68. First Carolingian king of France 751-. Charlemagne’s father. Donation of Pepin.

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