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17 matches to Truth
Academy. c387BC-529. Greek school founded by Plato dedicated to exploration of science and philosophical truth. Closed by Justinian.
Ayer, Alfred. 1910-89. British Logical Positivist. Foundation of Empirical Knowledge. Language, Truth and Logic 1936.
Buddhism. c528BC. Widely practised in Asia. Nirvana is achieved by following the 8-fold path and 4 Noble Truths. 1C BC Mahayana Sutras. 6C reaches Japan. 12C Zen Buddhism widely practiced in Japan.
Calvin, John. 1509-64. Reformist in Switzerland and France. Predestination, truth by faith. Institutes of Christian Religion 1536, used by others to justify Protestantism. Calvinism.
Deductive Reasoning. Aristotelian. Derivation of universal truths from prior certainties. Syllogisms.
Five Dynasties. 907-60. China between T’ang and Sung dynasties. Upheaval stimulated arts. Art to represent metaphysical truth.
Four Noble Truths. Basic Buddhist doctrine. Existence is suffering, suppressed by following the 8-fold path.
Inductive Reasoning. Baconian. Truth is induced from a mass of observed facts.
LogicalPositivism. 1920s. Philosophy. Only experimentally verifiable scientific truth counts. Vienna Circle. Wittgenstein.
Lucretius. 99-55BC. Roman poet: De rerum natura, advocating moral truth without religious belief.
Plato. c428-347BC. Greek philosopher, disciple of Socrates’ Dialogs. Free-will. Republic. “There exist absolute truths. Mind imprints its idea on matter. Mind has always existed and seeks to free itself from matter and return to God.” Founded Academy c387. Symposium c384. Apologia c399. Quest for good will lead to harmony in the world.
Protagoras. c485-411BC. First Greek Sophist. “Man is the measure of all things”. “Truth is subjective to each person”. Exiled c415-.
Rationalism. All truth can be arrived at through thought alone. vs Empiricism. Descartes. Spinoza.
Relativism. Truth depends on the state of the observer relative to the observed.
Symbolists. 19C French literary movement expressing truth subjectively by symbols. Spread to art, music. Verlaine. Mallarmé. Munch.
Thomism. Philosophy of Thomas Aquinas. Truth from observation, logic and faith.
Truth, Sojourner. c1797-1883. US freed slave, evangelist, abolitionist, woman rights campaigner.